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200
Galen documented how to cure breathing difficulties by performing a tracheotomy.
Galen documented the importance of the spinal cord to the movement of limbs. Galen based much of his practice on the trachings of hippocrates. -
200
Barber- Surgeons cut hair and perform surgery
Barbers cut more than hair. Barber surgeons performed surgery to treat cataracts and practiced phlebotomy. They also serced with the military and treated injuries and amputated limbsn and burned the stumps. -
Period: 200 to
History of Health Care.
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300
People in surgrey
Most people in the middle ages died during surgrey becasue of blood loss or they couldnt get the blood to clot -
500
Veins and arteries
The difference between veins and arteries is made, is important because these two things do very different things. With this discovery of these comes much more research and understanding of the body -
Period: 500 to Dec 31, 1500
Middle ages
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Mar 10, 1100
Beginning of medical care.
Medical care began with Physicians becoming licensed after formal trainign with experienced doctors. (Surgeons and Physicians recieved different trainings) -
Sep 11, 1100
dissections and autopises become a staple.
This is important because without looking at the body it is hard to treat the body and actually understand it. With the growing popularity of dissections and autopises this enables people to see the body and it's anatomy. is important to treat people with illnesses, diseases, and injuries -
Apr 8, 1300
Health care
Religious instructions based on the Koran taught followers social responsibilities (Rich provides for the poor) (Healthy cares for the sick) -
Sep 11, 1300
Health care for the sick
Health care for the sick, each hospital had separate wards for different illness, employed trained nurse, and also maintained stocks of medication. -
Period: Jan 1, 1400 to
Renaissance
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May 9, 1400
Medical practices.
Frenchwoman Jacoba Felicie tries to pracitce medicine but is denied; she tried practicing medicine without a license because women felt uncomfortable going to male physiciains for treatment -
Jan 1, 1500
Printing press
The invention of the printing press made it possible to publish books faster, and Information about new discoveries could be spread quicker -
Sep 11, 1543
Andreas Vesalius
Andreas Vesaliusa published an illustrated anatomy text. With knowledge based on dissection of human cadavers, and presented the first largely accurate description of the human body -
Scientific method came into use in Europe.
People began to look for the real causes of what they saw around them. The scientific method was based on observation and taking careful notes. -
Human anatomical studies were allowed.
Investigatons which had been forbidden by the church in the past helped correct many beliefs, and the study of human anatomy was allowed. -
Robert Hooke built one of the first refelcting microsocpes.
The developments that took place during this time were made possible by inventions such as the microscope which allowed better accurate oberservations of paitents and symptoms. -
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek describes bacteria
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Francis Bacon discoveres plague fleas.
Francis Bacon uses microscope to discover plague fleas. -
Period: to
The Industrial Revolution
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Introduction of machines!
Great changes occurred when machines were introduced and different tyoes of medicines. Stethoscope was invented and blood cells, bacteria, and protozoa could now be seen. Doctors knew that blood was carried through the body by large vessels but htye did not know how blodd circulated throughout the body. This was explained by the discovery of capillaries. -
Edward Jenner started the practice of vaccination.
Discovered that milkmaids exposed to cowpox did not get smallpox. The he began inoculationg people with tthe fluid for cowpox blisters. Beginning vaccinations -
Discovery of blood cells, bacteria,protozoa, and stethoscope
Progress in this time was also made in different medicines,New tools such as the stethoscope were invented which allowed doctors to see. Blood cells, bacteria, and protozoa through a microscope. -
Louis Pasteur (microbiology) pasterization of milk
carried out experiments that soon became the basis for modern microbiology he also created the first vaccines for rabies and anthrax. -
Joseph Lister practice fo medical asepsis
Insisted on the use of carbolic soap to disinfect instruments as well as clean hands before doctors moved to another patient. Today we call his practice (The practice of disinfecting surgical equipment and hand washing as a way to prevent the spread of infection—medical asepsis) -
Robert Koch discovery of pathogens
discovered pathogens- (or disease-producing microorganisms) are the source of some diseases and proved that Lister was correct. This was the beginning of modern bacteriology. The use of either as an anesthetic began during this period which made painless surgery possible. -
Ignaz Semmekweis shows importance of hand washing
Ignaz discovered that the incidence of puerperal fever could be drastically be cut down by the use of hand disinfection in clinics -
John snow stops outbreak of cholera
Johns work in tracing the source of a cholera outbreak in Soho, London. His findings inspired fundamental changes in the water and waste systems of London, which led to similar changes in other cities, and significant improvement in health around the world -
Marie Curie discovers science of radiactivity.
French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity -
Bubonic plague hits San Francisco.
It was the first plague epidemic in the United States.The epidemic was recognized by medical authorities. The governor, George Pardee implemented a medical solution and the epidemic was stopped in 1904. There were 121 cases identified, including 113 deaths -
Alexadner Fleming discovery
Fleming discovered "lysozyme", an enzyme that had an antibacterial effect -
Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin
He wrote many articles on bacteriology, immunology, and chemotherapy. His best discoveries are the enzyme lysozyme in 1923 and the antibiotic substance penicillin from the mould Penicillium notatum in 1928, -
Discovery of organ transplants and machinery
During this period of time more invetions came out such as th eX-rays, radium for cancer treatment, MRI's, and CAT scans which eventuall made it possible for doctors to perform organ transplants. -
Period: to
Modern World
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First HMO insurance
cooperative health plans such as the Group Health Association were formed. most Americans continued to receive and pay for medical care directly through individual plans established with their personal physician -
Salk discovers polio vaccine (Jonas Salk)
The first was developed by Jonas Salk through the use of HeLa cells tested in1952. Announced to the world by Dr Thomas Francis Jr. on April 12, 1955, it consists of an injected dose of inactivated (dead) poliovirus. -
WHO declares smallpox eradicated
published by World Health Organization at Geneva, Switzerland, after declaration of eradiction of smallpox on earth -
Managed health care growth in uninsured
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Digital revolution begins
The Digital Revolution which began around the 1980s also continues into the present. -
Azt is used to combat AIDS
AIDS was first reported.
1982, then the FDA received first IND submission for treatment of AIDS. -
Period: to
21st Century
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Steve Thomas used sterile maggots for infectious wound treatment
It is now a universally acknowledged fact that maggot therapy can be used successfully to treat chronic, long-standing, infected wounds, -
The completion of th eHuman Genome project.
This project identified a complete set of DNA which allows for new and completely individualized medications and treatments. -
Gardasil, a vaccine to prevent cervical cancer.
A vaccine to prevent cervial cancer was approved by the FDA. -
MIPPA provides incentives for practitioners.
MIPPA prvides incentives for practitioners who use electronic health records and e-prescribing. -
Scientists discover hwo to use human skin cells to create embryonic stem cells
Scientists have genetic reprogrammed human skin cells to create cells from embryonic stem cells. this is a critical scientific accomplishment -
Japanese scientists
Japanese scientists create a form of artificial DNA. -
Fist full face transplant
Laurent Lantieri performs the first full face transplant -
FDA approved implanted AbioCor.
FDA approved of an implanted AbiCor artificial heart placed in a patient on June 24. Patient died on august 23. -
Liver grown in Japan
The First human liver grown from stem cells in Japan -
Period: to
Middle ages
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Rhazes discovered the difference between smallpox and measles
Rhazes's worrks were used until. the 1800s. He also played a role in the developement of medicine as a science by building on the ideas of hippocrates.
