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Period: 500 BCE to 380 BCE
The Elder Sophists
The Sophists were the first freelance teachers, and challenged the cultural status quo of not charging for their instructional services. In order to recruit students, they staged demonstrations-- possibly a precursor to universities offering free webinars from faculty, in order to recruit paying students. By showing the bench strength of faculty, students are more likely to be drawn in. Despite this parallel, it's worth noting that the Sophists did not open schools. -
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Johann Amos Comenius
Johann Amos Comenius proposed what would be the precursor to the public K-12 education system. The Principles of his instructional method by and large follow the current pedagogy we know today, including contextualizing the level of difficulty to the grade of the learner. -
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Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi was a forerunner in leveraging learning science in the development of instruction. He also believed instruction should follow human development. -
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Joeseph Lanscaster
Joeseph Lanscaster developed in depth teacher guides for instruction, which included classroom management items. This would be the precursor to the teacher guides that instructors use today. This also allowed classrooms to scale up to handle more students. -
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Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel
Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel was a forerunner in re-imagining the kindergarten classroom to be more playful in nature. Incorporating games, songs, crafts, the modern incarnation of these elements are clearly evident in the current kindergarten classroom. -
First School Museum Opened
The first school museum opened in St. Louis. -
AECT Formed
Then known as the National Education Association, the Association for Educational Communications and Technology was founded by school administrators. -
Sending Faculty Abroad [Not in readings]
The University of Maryland University College, then known as the College of Special and Continuation Studies, becomes the first university to send faculty to military bases overseas to teach college courses for active duty servicemen. NOTE: Not in readings. Citation here. -
Bloom's Taxonomy Published
Benjamin Bloom, along with his colleagues, published Bloom's Taxonomy. Even today, this is used to developed high quality learning objectives in learning. -
ADDIE Model Developed [Not in readings]
Florida State University's Center for Educational Technology devised the ADDIE model for the US Armed Forces. The ADDIE model has become a mainstay workflow in the instructional design field. ADDIE stands for analysis, design, develop, implement, and evaluate. Note: Not in readings. Citation here.