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ENIAC
(Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) was a first-generation computers. -
1 st generation of computers
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1st generation of computers
These early computers used vacuum tubes as circuitry and magnetic drums for memory.The vacuum tubes consists of a glass bulb and wire.The wire is used to carry data in the form of electronic signals.
the firts generation of computers were: very large, expensive and required huge amounts of electricity.These first generation computers relied on "machine language". These computers were limited to solving one problem at a time.The two notable machines of this era were the UNIVAC and ENIAC machines. -
Transistors
Although first invented in 1947, transistors weren’t used significantly in computers until the end of the 1950s. -
UNIVAC
the UNIVAC is the first every commercial computer which was purchased in 1951 by a business – the US Census Bureau. -
2nd generation of computers
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2nd generation of computers
They used transistors instead of vacuum tubes.They were a big improvement over the vacuum tube, despite still subjecting computers to damaging levels of heat. However they were hugely superior to the vacuum tubes, making computers smaller, faster, cheaper and less heavy on electricity use. They still relied on punched card for input/printouts.The language evolved from cryptic binary language to symbolic (‘assembly’) languages. This meant programmers could create instructions in words. -
3rd generation of computers
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3rd generation of computers
They used integrated circuit (IC). An integrated circuit is as small as a transistor but it can work as fast as thousands of them. Integrated circuits made computers faster, cheaper, and smaller that the second-generation computers.In this generation remote processing, time-sharing, multiprogramming operating system were used. High-level languages were used during this generation. -
integrated circuit (IC)
is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material that is normally silicon
The IC was invented by Jack Kilby -
4th generation of computers
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4th generation of computers
They use microprocessors. A microprocessors consists of a small silicon chip on which thousands of circuits are placed. The computers are smaller, portable and cheaper. They use less electricity and produce less heat. In this generation, time sharing, real time networks, distributed operating system were used. All the high-level languages like C, C++, DBASE etc., were used in this generation. -
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5th generation of computers
They are the most advanced computers. Scientists are now trying to develop fifth-generation computers in a way that they can think on their own. This is called Artificial Intelligence. Robots work on this technology. AI is a reality made possible by using parallel processing and superconductors. The essence of fifth generation will be using these technologies to ultimately create machines which can process and respond to natural language, and have capability to learn and organise themselves. -
5th generation of computers
