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Jan 1, 1200
Ibn al-Nafis Discovers pulmonary circulation
Author Ibn al-Nafis discovers and describes pulmonary circulation -- the flow of blood to and from the lungs. -
Jan 1, 1553
Blood flow
Spanish physician and theologian Michael Servetus suggests that blood flows from one side of the heart to the other via the lungs instead of through the wall between the ventricles, which refutes Galen's theory. -
William Harvey publishes his masterwork
British physician William Harvey publishes his masterwork, in which he explains that blood circulates within the body and is pumped by the heart. -
Jan Swammerdam
Jan Swammerdam, is thought to be the first person to observe and describe red blood cells. -
Richard Lower blood transfusion
Richard Lower performs the first recorded blood transfusion in animals -
The Ban on all blood transfusions
Dr. Denis sues Antoine Mauroy's widow in 1668 for slandering his reputation. The case precipitates the French Parliament's ban on all transfusions involving humans. Similar actions follow in England and Rome. -
Anton Van Leeuwenhoe blood descripition
Anton van Leeuwenhoek, provides a more precise description of red blood cells, even approximating their size, "25,000 times smaller than a fine grain of sand." -
The First Human to Human Blood Transfusion
A footnote in a medical journal credits Philadelphia physician Philip Syng Physick with performing the first human-to-human blood transfusion, although his work is not published. -
Medical Journal
A footnote in a medical journal credits Philadelphia physician Philip Syng Physick with performing the first human-to-human blood transfusion, although his work is not published. -
William Osler Observes small cell fragments
Sir William Osler observes that small cell fragments from the bone marrow make up the bulk of clots formed in blood vessels; these fragments will come to be known as platelets. -
Karl Landsteiner, The Three main types of blood
Karl Landsteiner publishes a paper detailing his discovery of the three main human blood groups -- A, B, and C, which he later changes to O. -
Type AB blood
Dr. Landsteiner's friends Alfred von Decastello and Adriano Sturli identify a fourth blood group -- AB -- that causes agglutination in the red cells of both groups "A" and "B. -
Dr. Reuben Ottenberg performs the first transfusion
Dr. Reuben Ottenberg performs the first transfusion using cross matching. Used the procedure in 128 cases. Eliminating transfusion reactions. -
The Formulation of sodium citrate
Dr. Richard Lewisohn, at New York's Mount Sinai Hospital, formulates the optimum concentration of sodium citrate that can be mixed with donor blood to prevent coagulation -
The solution that allows blood to be stored
Turner develop a citrate-glucose solution that allows blood to be stored for a few weeks after collection and still remain viable for transfusion. -
Screening for blood test
All volunteers are screened for disease, tested for blood type, and their names are entered into a phone log, so they can be quickly contacted when blood is required. -
Blood Transfusion
the first to begin storing citrated blood and utilizing it for transfusions within a hospital setting in the U.S. -
Blood used over the war.
over 13 million units of blood over the course of the war. -
Dr. Luc Montagnier's
Researchers at Dr. Luc Montagnier's lab at the Institut Pasteur, in France, isolate the virus that causes AIDS. They locate it in the swollen lymph node in the neck of a Parisian AIDS patient and label it LAV -
the ELISA test
After dozens of Americans are infected with AIDS from blood transfusions, the first blood-screening test to detect the presence or absence of HIV antibodies -- the ELISA test -- -
The New Test Developed
series of more sensitive tests are developed and implemented to screen donated blood for infectious diseases: two tests that screen for indirect evidence of hepatitis; the Human T-Lymphotropic-Virus-I-antibody
