History of Medicine By Averi10 500 Alcmaeon of Croton distinguished veins from arteries 500 Aristotle believed that the heart controlled the body and not the heart Period: 500 to Dec 31, 1300 Middle Ages 910 Persian physician Rhazes identifies smallpox 1010 Avicenna writes The Book of Healing and The Canon of Medicine 1249 Roger Bacon invents spectacles Period: Jan 1, 1301 to Dec 31, 1700 Renaissance 1489 Leonardo da Vinci dissects corpses 1590 Zacharius Jannssen invents the microscope 1656 Sir Christopher Wren experiments with canine blood transfusions 1670 Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovers blood cells 1683 Anton van Leeuwenhoek observes bacteria 1701 Giacomo Pylarini gives the first smallpox vaccination Period: Jan 1, 1701 to Dec 1, 1899 Industrial Revolution 1800 Sir Humphry Davy discovers the anesthetics properties of nitrous oxide 1853 Charles Gabriel Pravaz and Alexander Wood develop the syringe 1861 Rene Laennec invents the stethoscope 1882 First vaccine for developed for rabies by Louis Pasteur Period: Jan 1, 1900 to Dec 31, 1999 Modern World 1901 Karl Landsteiner introduces the system to classify blood into A, B, AB, and O groups 1923 First vaccine developed for diphtheria 1926 First vaccine developed for whooping cough 1928 Sir Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin 1995 Jonas Salk develops the first polio vaccine 2000 Scientists in with the International Human Genome Project released a rough draft of the human genome to the public Period: Jan 1, 2000 to Sep 5, 2019 21st Century 2003 A final draft was made of the human genome 2006 First vaccine to target a cause of cancer 2007 Surgeons at the Cleveland Clinic began removing kidneys through a single incision in the patient's navel 2007 Even more updates to the genome were published by Craig Venter, PhD, chief scientist behind Celera Genomics
