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Thaumatrope (1824)
What- optical toy that was popular in the 19th century
Who- John Ayrton Paris
Where- Royal College of Physicians
Why- Was the first instrument to exploit the persistence of images on the retina.
Video Link-
Web Source- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaumatrope -
Phenakistoscope (1831)
What- created a fluent illusion of motion
Who- Joseph Plateau
Where- Belgium
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mJQAck27l6s&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenakistoscope -
Zoetrope (1834)
What- produce the illusion of motion by displaying a sequence of drawings or photographs showing progressive phases of that motion
Who- Ding Huan
Where- China
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-3yarT_h2ws&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoetrope -
Flip book (1868)
What- series of pictures that vary gradually from one page to the next
Who- John Barnes Linnett
Where- England
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7n2YF7mfP5s&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flip_book -
Kinetoscope (1889)
What- designed for films to be viewed by one individual at a time through a peephole viewer window at the top of the device
Who- Louis Le Prince
Where- France
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WmZ4VPmhAkw&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetoscope -
Praxinoscope (1889)
What- used a strip of pictures placed around the inner surface of a spinning cylinder
Who- Charles-Émile Reynaud
Where- France
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ez_UJAafRMs&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praxinoscope -
Cinematograph (1895)
What- motion picture film camera, which also serves as a film projector and printer
Who- Léon Bouly
Where- France
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_OaOCN3pHDQ&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematograph -
Vitascope (1896)
What- cast images via film and electric light onto a wall or screen
Who- Charles Francis Jenkins and Thomas Armat.
Where- USA
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0ZonnfaR9w&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitascope -
Cel Animation (1914)
What- traditional form of animation used in the production of cartoons or animated movies where each frame of the scene is drawn by hand
Who- Earl Hurd
Where- USA
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dRKWRMbTvWs&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/cel_animation.html -
Disney Creation (1923)
What- the creation of the major company Disney
Who- Walt Disney
Where- Los Angeles, California
Why-
Video Link- http://www.biography.com/people/walt-disney-9275533
Web Source- http://www.plosin.com/beatbegins/projects/fischer.html -
Steam Boat Willie (1928)
What- The cartoon is considered the debut of Mickey Mouse[2] and his girlfriend Minnie
Who- Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks
Where- USA
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBgghnQF6E4&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steamboat_Willie -
The King of Jazz (1930)
What- filmed entirely in the early two-color Technicolor process
Who- Walter Lantz
Where- USA
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YToJiBvkjRw&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Jazz -
Henry Smith (1945)
What- drawing directly on film
Who- Henry Smith
Where- USA
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yghe3A2wANo&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#safe=strict&q=Henry+Smith -
Computer Techniques (1964)
What- started developing computer techniques for producing animated movies.
Who- Ken Knowlton
Where- Bell Labrotories
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MB0HLRssr-8&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- http://www.joshuamosley.com/UPenn/courses/Ani/AnimationHistory.html -
Toy Story (1995)
What- 'secret life of toys' when people are not around
Who- Pixar Animation Studios
Where- USA
Why-
Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJnlmJ4lqik&edufilter=4hd5xGOD87deUi2asytBSw&safe=active
Web Source- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toy_Story