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132
2nd rebellion against the Romans
This rebellion was in 132-135 CE. Jerusalem was reduced to ruins, along with all Judaean towns. those remaining Jews who had not been executed were forbidden to read the Torah, observe the Sabbath, or circumcise their sons. None was allowed to enter Jerusalem when it was rebuilt as the Roman city Aelia Capitolina, except on the anniversary of the destruction of the Temple, when they could pay to learn against all that remained of it- the Western wall- and lament the loss of their sacred home. -
140
Hasmonean Family
Three sects of Jews formed in Judaea. One was the Sadducees priests and wealthy business people, conservatives intent on preserving the letter of the law. The pharisees were more liberal citizens from all classes who sought to study the applications of Torah to everyday life. A thrid group was uncompromising in their piety and their disgust with what they considered a corrupted priesthood. This group was called the Essenes. The conflicts between the Hasmoneans resulted in a civil war. -
167
Maccabees
Is led by the Hasmon family of priests, called in Hebrew the Maccabees, won a degree of independence for Judaea in 164 BCE. the successful rebellion established a new and independent kingdom, once again called Israel, once again cenered around Jerusalem, and ruled by the Hasmonean family. This kingdom lasted only until its conquest by the Roman general Pompey in 63 BCE, and was the last independent Jewish nation until the twentieth century. -
450
Erza
The torah was now established as the spiritual and secular foundation of the dispersed nation. in 430 B.C., Erza the scribe set the precedent of reading for hours from the Torah scrolls in a public square. These "five books of Moses" were accepted as a sacred covenant. -
570
Perisans
Cyrus the King of the Persian empire, authorized the rebuilding of the temple in Jerusalem, which was completed ni 515 B.C. The second temple became the central symbol to a scattered Jewish nation, most of whom did not return to Jerusalem from Babylon, which was now there home. -
Sep 27, 605
Assyrians
God permitted this strong to overtake what was left of the small country of Israel. to sustain the population needed for its empire-building and to keep Israel from rising again as a nation, Assyria carried off most of the Israelites to exile among the Gentiles. -
Sep 26, 1000
King David around the 1000 B.C.
King david was the second king of Israel. He was one of the greatest kings there. He was born in 1040 B.C. and died in 970 B.C.He was choosen by the prophet Samuel. He was summoned to play music in front of the first king Saul. He is the one that made the captial of Jersulem. -
Romans (Pompey)
General Pompey was called into Syria in 63 BCE to choose between contenders to the Hasmonean throne. But he took over the country instead -
1st Rebellion against the Romans (zealots)
The Jews rose up in armed rebellion against Rome in 66 CE. The rebellion was suppresed, and after heroic resistance, the Jewish defenders were slaughtered in the holy walled city of Jerusalem in 70 CE. The Roman legions destroyed the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem, leaving only a course of foundation stones still standing. This temple has never been rebuilt; the foundation stones, called the Western wall, have been a place of Jewish pilgrimage and prayer for twenty centuries. -
Antiochus IV
He was a hellenistic ruler of Syria to 175-164 B.C., the nation that then held political sovereignty over the land of Israel. The kindgdom only lasted only until its conquest by the Roman general Pompey in 63 BCE, and was the last independent Jewish nation until the twentieth century. Antiochus seems to have tried to achieve plitical unity by forcing a single Hellenstic culture on all his subjects, abolishing the Torah as the Jewish constitution, burning copies of the Torah, killing families wh. -
Messiah
Under Roman rule, a popular belief grew among Jews that a Messiah would come at last to rescue the people from their sufferings. God woul;d gather the chosen people and not only free them from opression but also reinstate Jewish political sovereignty in the land of Israel. Then all nations would recognize that Israel god is the god of all the world. -
King Soloman
He was the son of David. Soloman after the fourteen-day temple dedication ceremony and pledged: "I consecrate this House which you have built and I set my name there forever. My eyes and My heart shall ever be there." -
Babylonians
The babylonians captured Jersualem. (which they had taken over the assyrian empire). in 586 B.C. the great walls of Jersualem were battered down and its buildings put to the torch by the Babylonians. -
The greeks(Hellenism)
Concepts of Satan, the hierarchy of angels, reward or punishment in an afterlife, and the final surrection of the body on the Day of Judgment are thought by some scholars to have made their way into jewish belief from the zoroastrianism of the Persian Empire, for these beliefs were absent from earlier Judaic religion. Hellenism led many wealthy and intellectual Jews, including the priests in Jerusalem, to adopt a Hellenistic attitude of scepticism rather than unquestioning belief.
