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With the help of the Persians, Athens and other Greek city-states organized to challenge Sparta. Sparta finally negotiated a peace with the Persians which was known as the 'King's Peace' which ended the war.
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The Romans built their first road. The road ran from Rome to the Alban Hills, and was used primarily to carry military traffic.
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Philip II became Regent of Macedonia in 359 B.C. He reorganized the army and made it one of the strongest in Greece. He got into fights between the various Greek city-states.
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Philip forced Athens to accept a peace treaty with Macedonia, one which was very favorable to Macedonia. This marked the beginning of the end of Greek independence
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Alexander the Great led a Greek army of 35,000 soldiers into battle against the Persian army led by Darius III at Granicus. The Persian army of 40,000 waited across the river of Granicus for the Macedonians who streamed across. The battle was hard-fought but Alexander's troops gained the upper hand, and killed or captured half of the Persian army which was forced to retreat. Darius fled the battlefield, was pursued and was eventually assassinated in Bactaria. The Persian empire came to an end.
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Alexander the Great led a Greek army of 35,000 soldiers into battle against the Persian army led by Darius III at Granicus. The Persian army of 40,000 waited across the river of Granicus for the Macedonians who streamed across. The battle was hard-fought but Alexander's troops gained the upper hand, and killed or captured half of the Persian army which was forced to retreat
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n the Battle at Issus, Macedonian forces under Alexander, met a Persian army, with 500,000 men, under the command of Darius lll. Alexander attacked the Persian infantry in the center of the lines and achieved an victory, decimating the Persian forces.
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The Maurya overthrew Nanda, ruler of the Maganedha Kingdom of the Ganges River Valley.
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Antigonus attempted to reunite Alexander's empire under his control. He invaded Egypt, but his forces and those of his son Demetrius were defeated.
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The Greek mathmatician Euclid living in Alexandria, published a 13 volume work called Elements. It laid out for the first time the principals of geometry.
