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The Western Roman Empire came to an end in 476, when Odoacer, a barbarian leader, deposed the young emperor Romulus Augustus and assumed the government of Italy -
it's a "contract" between free men that committed : the lord granted the vassal fiefdoms, honors and offices, while the vassal owed his lord what was known as auxilium (military support) and consilium (political support and advice) -
The monks of the Middle Ages, had a very important function to preserve the cultural remains of the disappeared Roman Empire. These places were not only centers of prayer, but also centers of culture, the germ of what would be modern universities. -
The battle of Poitiers was fought in France in October 732, in which Carlos Martel stood out, who would achieve great fame for it. -
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He was a composer, pianist, conductor and teacher of the former Archbishopric of Salzburg (formerly part of the Holy Roman Empire, now part of Austria), a master of Classicism, considered one of the most influential and outstanding musicians in history. -
It was a process of deep economic, social, cultural and technological transformations that took place between 1760 and 1840, and had its origin in England. The Industrial Revolution marked a before and after in the history of humanity. -
In the 18th century took inspiration from the history and material remains of classical antiquity, which was broadly defined as ancient Greece and Rome -
The first expressions of Romanticism were noticed in German and English literature from the Storm and Thunder movement.
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Romantic music is believed to have started in Germany, starting with Beethoven and being followed by Carl Maria von Weber in 1786 and Felix Mendelssohn. It is an imaginative and novelistic musical style. This movement affected all the arts and developed above all in France and Germany.
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The taking of the Bastille prison started the French Revolution that ended the monarchy of Louis XVI and drafted the first democratic Constitution. The taking of the Bastille on July 14 -
The short romantic period in sculpture responds to official commissions to embellish buildings or erect commemorative monuments. French sculpture does not reach the importance of painting, neither for the number of works produced, nor for the number of significant figures. Romanesque sculpture has a later development than painting.
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By the 1810s the use of chromaticism and the minor key had combined, the desire to move to more keys to achieve a wider range of music, and the need for a greater operatic scope. While Beethoven was later regarded as the central figure of the movement, composers such as Muzio Clementi or Louis Spohr better represented the taste of the time to incorporate more chromatic notes in their thematic material.
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French Romanticism had its manifesto in Germany (1813), by Madame de Staël, although the great precursor in the 18th century was Jean-Jacques Rousseau, author of Confessions, Daydreams of a Lonely Walker, Emilio, Julia, or La nouvelle Eloísa and The Social Contract, among other works.
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The first romantic novel, El Periquillo Sarnieto (Mexico) is published
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At the age of 21, Mary Shelley anonymously publishes Frankenstein: or The Modern Prometheus, based on a story written for a competition proposed by Lord Byron. The work concerns a failed attempt at artificial life, and is widely seen as a warning on the transformations of man under the Industrial Revolution.
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King of Spain from 1748 to 1819 He pitted Spain against revolutionary France in the War of the Convention (1794-1795) and was defeated -
According to René Wellek, the term was originally used to describe a generic way of thinking and feeling, and it was only in 1819, with Friedrich Bouterwek, that Romantiker was used as the name of the literary school.
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German composer Ludwig van Beethoven, seen as bridging the transition between Classical and Romantic music, completes his Ninth Symphony in February 1824. This symphony is seen as Beethoven's masterpiece, and it features intellectual depth and intense, highly personal expression -
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French Romantic artist completes Liberty Leading the People, arguably his most famous painting. The piece commemorates the July 1830 revolution in France that toppled King Charles X, and emphasizes freely brushed color rather than the precise lines of previous schools of art.
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The romantic movement in architecture was born in England but it is in Germany where the mayor is welcomed The return to the Gothic style is not without its competitors, neoclassical ideas are not completely dead and they maintain a permanent struggle with the return of pure Gothic. Ever characteristic of rebellion against restrictions gives the romantic its main characteristic, eclecticism, that is, the use of various Neo-Gothic, Neoclassical styles.
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Romanticism had its first manifestation in Argentina with the appearance in 1832 of the poem Elvira or the Bride of Silver by Esteban Echeverría, who led the movement that was concentrated in the so-called Generation of 37 and had one of its centers in the Literary Hall.
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Polish composer Frédéric Chopin completes his last piece in a series of polonaises, composed for solo piano. The polonaises, along with Chopin's mazurkas, are based on traditional Polish music and inspire a feeling of nationalism.
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The year 1848 was marked in Europe by the outbreak of serious political upheavals, and the romantic current flowed strongly in Italy, Spain, Austria, Germany and France.
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Romanticism is a movement that arises in Europe, has its beginnings in England and Germany and reaches its greatest splendor in France during this year.
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This three movement symphony is a musical portrait of the three main characters on Goethe’s Faust. This painting and expression of each character through music, and use of outside influence is representative of a Romantic-style piece. The use of Germanic folklore in the book also is representative of the influence of nationalism and individuality that was important to Romantic composers.
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Romantic painting succeeds neoclassical painting at the end of the 18th century, with some new tastes developed by all the artistic facets of Romanticism such as literature, philosophy and architecture. Romanticism in painting extends from 1770 to 1870, practically a hundred years
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Towards the middle of the 19th century, romanticism begins to give way to new literary movements: the Parnassians and symbolism in poetry and realism and naturalism in prose, but it continued to be cultivated throughout Europe and America, without its original audacious charge, as a repetitive copy and with great success of readers.