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Saint Augustine brings the first European settlement to the United States, introducing Catholicism and the Spanish language in Florida.
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Saint Augustine brings the first European settlement to the United States, introducing Catholicism and the Spanish language in Florida.
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New Mexico is settled by the Spanish—making it the largest and oldest Spanish settlement in the Southwest.
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New Mexico is settled by the Spanish—making it the largest and oldest Spanish settlement in the Southwest.
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The colony of Jamestown is founded in Virginia.
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The colony of Jamestown is founded in Virginia.
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Texas is made a separate Spanish province with Don Domingo de Teran as its governor.
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Texas is made a separate Spanish province with Don Domingo de Teran as its governor.
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Explorer Diego de Vargas leads an expedition in search of salt deposits in and around the Guadalupe Mountains, becoming the first non-Indian visitor to this area.
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Explorer Diego de Vargas leads an expedition in search of salt deposits in and around the Guadalupe Mountains, becoming the first non-Indian visitor to this area.
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The mission at San Antonio is founded—it becomes one of the most prosperous and most important missions.
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The mission at San Antonio is founded—it becomes one of the most prosperous and most important missions.
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While the American colonies in the East declare their independence from Great Britain, the Spanish celebrate the founding of San Francisco in the West.
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While the American colonies in the East declare their independence from Great Britain, the Spanish celebrate the founding of San Francisco in the West.
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The Bill of Rights is adopted
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The Bill of Rights is adopted.
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Separatist movements begin in Latin America.
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Separatist movements begin in Latin America
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The first Anglo settlers arrive in the Mexican state of Texas after being invited by the government of Mexico, which had recently declared its independence.
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Slavery in Mexico is abolished by the new republican government that emerged after independence from Spain (1821).
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The government of the Republic of Mexico challenges the power of the Catholic Church—ordering its missions secularized and land holdings broken up. Antonio Lopez Santa Anna is named President of Mexico.
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In the autumn of 1835, Texans and Tejanos rise in rebellion against the oppressive Mexican government.
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Seguin is named Military Commander of West Texas, Senator, and later Mayor.
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Seguin flees to Mexico, escaping Anglo threats.
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Texas is officially annexed to the United States—which angers the Mexican government. Conflict over the official border line arises.
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The Reclamation Act is passed, dispossessing many Hispanic Americans of their lands.
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The Mexican Revolution begins as a revolt against President Porfirio Diaz. The railroads that had once served as a means for trade and development now serve as the main escape from the violence of the revolution.
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Limits on the number of immigrants allowed in the United States are imposed for the first time in the country's history.
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The Border Patrol is created by Congress.
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The United States government begins to deport Mexicans.
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On August 23, Macario Garcia becomes the first Mexican national to receive a U.S. Congressional Medal of Honor, yet is refused service at the Oasis Café near his home in Texas.
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Dr. Hector Garcia, a witness to racial injustice, begins holding meetings for Mexican Americans to voice their concerns, and in March they establish a new Mexican American movement: the American GI Forum.
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Establishes equal rights amongst all races, sex, and age.
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The National Hispanic Leadership Institute addresses the underrepresentation of Latinas in the corporate, nonprofit and political arena.
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President George Bush appoints the first woman and first Hispanic surgeon general of the United States: Antonia C. Novello.
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Ellen Ochoa becomes the first Hispanic woman to go to space aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery.
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Hispanics make up about one-sixth of the U.S. population—nearly 51 million people. By the middle of the century, the Latino population is expected to reach 127 million—nearly 30 percent of the projected population of the country.