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Study of medicine was prohibited. Prayer and divine intervention were used to treat illness adn disease. Monks and priests helped with sick people. Medications were mainly herbal.
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Promoted chemical remedies to treat disease and researched optics and refaction (bending of light rays)
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Rebirth of science of medicine.
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First chairs (positions of authority) of medicine created at Oxford and Cambridge in England.
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Known as the father of Modern Surger. Eliminated use of boiling oil to cauterize wounds. He also improved treatment of fractures and promoted use of artificial limbs.
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Described the circulatory system in the lungs and explained how digestion is a source of heat for the body.
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Identified the fallopian tubes in teh female and described the typanic membrane in the ear.
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William Harvey described the circulation of blood to and from the heart.
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Anton van Leeuwenhoek invented the microscope.
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Garbriel Fahrenheit created teh first mercury thermometer
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Joseph Priestly discovered the element oxygen.
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Edward Jenner developed a vaccination for smallpox.
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The first successful blood transfusion was performed on a human by Jaames Blundell.
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Florence Nightingale established efficient and sanitary nursing units during Cimean War.
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Dorothea Dix was appointed Superintendent of Femal Nurses of teh Army.
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Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross.
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Louis Pasteur created a vaccine for rabies.
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Dimitri Ivanofski discovered viruses.
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Wilhelm Roentgen discovered Roentgenograms (X-Rays)
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Sir Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin.
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Jonas Salk developed the polio vaccine using dead polio virus.
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Birth control pills approved by FDA.
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Rhazes, and Arab physician, developed criteria for distinguishing between smallpox and measles. He also suggested blood was the cause of many infectious diseases and he began using animal guts for suture material.
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Physicians started to gain knowledge at medical universities in the 9th century. Major diseases: smallpox, diphtheria, tuberculosis, typhoid, the plague, and malaria.
