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By King Solon in 594 BC.
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Pisitratus ruled Athens into being a peaceful society. It later became Greece's cultural center for arts and philosophy.
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Pisistratus' sons Hipparchus and Hippias, threw Athens into chaos, after military campaign again, again, and again. Hipparchus was assassinated 514 BC. Then his brother, Hippias was put into exile.
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This led to the creation of new shipbuilding for Athens, to be able to have a strong navy. It also showed off how proud the Athenians were in being able to conquer their enemy.
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The Parthenon was built on top of the Acropolis. This allows the city to become the artistic, cultural and intellectual as well as the commercial center of the Hellenic world. This allowed Athens to have little to no enemies.
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This made Athens rich overnight. Which then gave them the funding for wartime materials.
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Helped to usher in the beginnings of an empire in Greece.
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Believing in the various gods and goddesses. Of the like of Zeus, Poseidon, Artemis, Athena, Aphrodite, etc.
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Socrates and Plato emerge. As well as Aristotle. The 'Socratic method' is made. That states of asking questions until you arrive at the essence of a subject,