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Jan 1, 1000
Paleo Period
Paleo Information
The Paleo Indians were developed from Asian migration across the Bering Strait Landbridge. They were nomadic, constantly following their food. They hunted large game like, mammoths, sloths, bison, and sabor tooth cats. Because of hunting large game, they had to use curved spear heads know as clovis points. -
Jan 1, 1000
Archaic Period
Archaic infomation
The Aarchaic Indians had seasonal migration. They lived in caves, pithouses, and undergorund shelter. This tribe became more reliant to their groups. They hunted small small game, now that the large game was extinct. They used small spear heads to kill and grab the animals. There is no evidence that they had any religion or trade. -
Jan 1, 1000
Woodland Period
woodland information
The Woodland Period were the first farming tribe. they were no longer nomadics. They lived in round houses known as huts. They started experimenting with growing food. They had burial and rock mounds. There is no evidence of trading. -
Period: Jan 1, 1000 to
Mississippian Period
Mississippian information
The Mississippian Indians were the first to form cities and governments. They were the first true civilization. They made the bow and arrow, pottery, jewlery, and stone tools. they were also the first the live off agriculture. they had the most advanced time period. -
Nov 1, 1540
Hernando de Soto
Hernando de Soto infomation
Hernando de Soto came to Georgia in search of treasure. He did not find any gold but, he went to war with the native americans. The natives did not have advanced weapons therefore they lost. Hernando de Soto later dies along the Mississippi River. -
Salzburgers Arrive
Salzburgers arrive
In 1731 20,000 protestants were expelled from the country Salzburg, now known as Austria. This act of religious intolerance occured when Archbishop Leopold von Firman issued his Edict of Expulsion. King Goerge II gave an invitation to the exilles to selltle in Georgia. The invitation begins the identity of the Georgia Salzburgers. -
Charter of 1732
Charter of 1732
The Charter of 1732 was granted on April 21, 1732. Olgethorpe beleived that the poor could start a new life in the new colony. He beleived that it would also be a place for some people to start a new life. Oglethorpe stated that no cathlics would not be aloud in Georgia. -
Georgia Founded
Georgia founded
In 1732 James Olgethorpe was given a charter from King George II to create a new colony in the new world. They would name it Georgia in honor of King George II. It will be located between South Carolina and Flordia. It will serve as a place for the poor and act like a barrier from the Spanish. -
Highland Scots Arrive
Highland Scots
In October 1739 a band of Highland Scots were recruited from the vicinity of Inverness sailed on the prince of wales. They arrived in Savannah with plans to settle in Altamaha. The men were warriors. These people shared charictersitics with native americans. -
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John Reynolds
John Reynolds
John Reynolds was the first roal governor of Georgia. He accomplished self government. The people of Georgia loved him but quickly started hating him. He was running the colony by himself. The king soon fired him. He later died in London on Feburary 8, 1788. -
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Henry Ellis
Henry Ellis
Henry Ellis was the second royal governor of Georga. He brought the colony back together. He accomplished economic and population growth. He secured peace with the Creeks. He soon left Georgia beacause of heat related illness. -
Period: to
James Wright
James Wright
James Wright was the third and final royal governor of Georgia. He wanted to carry on Ellis' policies. He expanded farming and trade. He wanted to move the capital from Savannah and the colonist did not like that. He soon had to leave Georgia because the Revolution was starting. -
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Yazoo Land Fruad
Yazoo Land Fruad
The Yazoo Land Fruad was when land companies bribed legislators to sell land in the west. Georgia suffered for this act. The government took modern day Mississippi and Alabama from Georgia. this created the modern day boarder for Georgia. -
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Americann Revolution
American Revolution
The American Revolution was a war between the patriots and the loyalist. The patriots wanted independence from the British. Many patroits lost their lives during this war. The pain and suffering paid off because the U.S. soon became independent. -
Austin Dabney
Austin Dabney
Austin Dabney was a mixed man who was wounded in the Battle of Kettle Creek. He was the first African American wounded in the Revolution. After the Revoultion, he recieved land from the Harris family, as thanking him for his service. -
Elijah Clarke/ Battle of Kettle Creek
Elijah Clarke/ Kettle Creek
The Battle of Kettle Creek was a small but worthy win for the patriots. The patriots leader was Elijah Clarke. He led them to a victory. Tey took the Bristh's weapons after defeating them. -
University of Gerogia
UGA founded
the University of Goergia was incorporated on January 27, 1785. it was the first state supported university in the U.S. The state provided the land for free education. Abraham Baldwin was the first president of the unversity. This university increaseed Georgia's population with smarter and more cultured people. -
Period: to
Capital moved to Louisville
louisville
Louisville was the capital of Georgia from 1796-1807. The legislator moved the capital to remain central to westward expansion. They wanted to keep up with the population. Louisville was named in honor of King Louis XVI of France for helping during the revolution. -
Period: to
Constitutional Convention.
Constitutional Convention
The constitutional Convention was when all the statestalked about economic troubles. Georgia was one of the first states to use the convention as a meeting of delegates. They created the constitution in these conventions. -
Georgia Ratifies Constitution
Georia Ratifies Constitution
Georgia's first attempt at constitutional government was created in April 1776. Georgia's first constitutional convention was soon organized. It discussed government authority in the state. It incorperated the seperation of powers, freedom of religion, freedom of press, and trial by jury. -
Eli Whitney- Cotton Gin
cotton gin
The cotton gin helped Georgia a lot. It increased profits and production. The cotton gin was used by many, so it increased slavery. It increased Georgia's population and cotton sellings. -
Missouri Compromise
missouri compromise
Missouri came into the U.S as a slave state, but Maine came as a free state. The U.S attemped to keep a balance between free and slave states. They compromised and used Missouri's southern border to split up free and slave states. The north and south supported this compromise. -
Worchester vs. Georgia
worchester vs georgia
Worchester vs. Georgia was about how the Cherokee constitued a nation and the U.S was trying to get rid of them. The Cherokee were not protected form being removed. Georgia relentless compaign to remove them. The Cherokee had to leave leading towards the Trial of Tears. -
Dahlonega Gold Rush
gold rush
The U.S wanted Cherokee land. They found out the land had gold. The U.S wanted it to themselves. They made the Cherokee leave their land. -
Period: to
Trial of Tears
trail of tears
One of the saddet periods of Georgia's history was the Trail of Tears. The governmet forced the Chrokee to move west of the Mississippi River. The Cherokee had to walk through extremley harsh temperatures. many of them died from dieases and age. -
Georgia Platform
georgia platform
The Georgia Platform had significance throughout the south. It was an effective antidote to secession. It was executed by Gergia Convention in response to the Compromise of 1850. -
Compromise of 1850
compromise of 1850
The compromise if 1850 was an attemp to keep a balance between polocies. California came into the U.S as a free state. The free states would have an advantage over laws. They compromised with the fugitive slave law. It says that all runaway slaves must be returned to their owner. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
KNA
This act made a law mandating popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska. Popular sovereignty means voting on slavery. Proslave settlers in Missouri and anti settlers in Iowa fought for the land. This led to the Bleeding Kansaas. The north did not agree with it. -
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tom watson & Populist
tom watson & populist
tom Watson is best known for his imposing statue. In addition to his political acheivements he was also a lawyer, publisher, and historian. He is remebered as the voice of the populist. -
Dred Scott Case
dred scott
Scott was a slave who's owner moved to a free state. Scott sued for freedom stating that he should be free. The court ruled him not free because he is not a citizen but property. He will remain property wherever his owner goes. -
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Union Blockade
union blockade
The union blockade was a union strategy to block all confederate ports. This would prevent the south from selling cotton. It would also stop the south from getting other goods they need. The blockade helped the union by not letting the south get any goods. -
Election of 1860
election of 1860
The election of 1860 elected Abraham Lincoln as president. The south was unhappy about him winning. He was against slavery. He just wanted to keep slavery where it was, no more expansion.The soutyh contemplates leaving the union. Georgia debated and ultimately decided to leave. -
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Emancipation Proclamation
Emancipation Proclamation
Five days after the Battle of Antietam, Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. The document ultimately affected 4 million slaves in the U.S.. Lincoln wanted the Confederate aremy to end the war. If the confederate surrendered slavery would remain in the south, but they did not surrender. -
Period: to
Battle of Gettysburg
Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg was taken place in Pennsylvania. This battle was the turning point of the Civil War. It endde in a union victory. The battle ended the hope for confederate victory. -
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Battle of Chickamauga
Chickamauga
In this battle the union forces move against major confederate railroad center in Chattanooga. The confederate army defeated the unionforces and forced the union back into Tennessee. By November 1863, General Ulysses Grant arrived with more troops and recaptured Chatanooga. -
Atlanta Campaign
atlanta campaign
General U.S. Grant left 12,000 men in Chatanooga. Sherman took those men and began a campaign toward Atlanta. Atlanta was important because of industries. Sherman faced General Johnston and his 60,000 troops. They held Sherman and his army back. -
Andersonville Prison Camp
andersonville
Andersonville was a prisoner of war camp. This was a dirty prison. The only shelter they had was whatever the prisoners made. There was not enough food, water, or medical supplies. Most of the water was contamidated. This was one of the worts prisonsduring the Civil War. -
Period: to
Sherman's March to the Sea
march to the sea
When Sherman left Atlanta his army quickly moved to Savannah. On his way he destroyed and burned everything in a 60 mile path. He destroyed all military targets and civillian economic systems.The move took over two months. -
13th amnedment
13th amendment
The 13th Amendment freed all slaves in the U.S.. Congress had the power to enforce this article. Slaves were stiil not considered citizens but free. They were not believed to be citizens in this time period. -
Freedman's Bureau
freedmas bureau
The Freedman's Bureau was a document to help both former slaves nd poor whites. After a while it started focusing on former slaves. This educated, fed, and clothed the former slaves. -
Henry McNeal Turner
henry mcneal turner
Henry McNeal Turner was a black legislator. The white people were not happy that him and 28 other black males were working for office. They were soon expelled form office. The white people said they m,ay be free but they can not work for office. -
Ku Klux Klan
kkk
The Ku Klux Klan was a group of former confederate soilders who were mad about slaves being free. They went around at night and violentiy bribing the blacks to not strech out their freedom. -
14th Amendment
14th amendment
The 14th Amnedment declared all slaves citizens. They now counted as part of the poipulation. The south now had a higher population over the north. The slaves were citizens but did not have the same rights as whites. -
15th Amendment
15th amendment
The 15th Amendment gave black men the right to vote. Women were still not allowed to vote at this time. Although black males could vote they still had many restrictions. -
Period: to
International Cotton Expostition
I.C.E
The International Cotton Expostion was a world fair in Atlanta. It was to show the progress the city made. They would show off all new agricluture productions. They wanted to show their recovery form the lose of the war. -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
plessy v ferguson
The plessy vs Ferguson case promotes segregation. This violated the 14th amnedment. Plessy was 7/8 white and 1/8 black. He sat in a white only seat to test the law seperate-but-equal. Later in 1954 the Brown vs Board of Education tested the decision. -
WEB DuBois
WEB DuBois was an Atlanta University professor. He tought truth and knowledge would helpdifferent race understand each other. He wanted social and political integration. -
1906 Atlanta Riot
1906 atlanta riot
During the Atlanta Riot white mobs killed dozens of blacks. The whites heard that black males were asluting white women. The whites did not like this at all. They would not let the blacks do this anymore. -
Leo Frank Case
leo frank
The Leo Frank Case is one of the most notorous cases in Georgia. A Jweish from Atlanta was convicted of the murder of a 13 year old girl. She worked for him at the Pencil Factory. The case is still not figured out. -
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World War 1
President Wilson hoped to keep the U.S. in dispute among European nations. Series of acts from Germany led him to ask Congress to declare war on germany. At the star of the war U.S. was neutral. The U.S. soon bcame an Allied power. -
lester Maddox
lester maddox
Lester Maddox was the 75th governor of the state of Goergia. His term lasted from 1967 to 1971. He was an American Politiican. He seerved as an able and unquestionably colorful cheif executive. -
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County Unit System
county unit system
The county unit system was established in 1917. They made this because Georgia's legistlauture passed the Neill Primary
Act. The county unit system was used for democratic primaries. -
Richard Russell
Richard Russell served in public office for 50 years. he seerved as governor, U.S. senator, and state legislator. He is best known for strengthening the national defense. -
Alonzo Herndon
Alonzo Herndon was born a slave. He soon became a successful businessman with Atlanta Mutual Insurance Company. This business made him successful because he hired college graduates to run his company. -
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Great Depression
Borrowing money, speculating the stock market, and overproducing crops were causes of the Great Depression. The Great Depression was a horrible time for all Americans. They could not afford to buy products, therefore businesses were closing down. The economy was the worst it has ever been. -
Andrew Young
andrew young
Andrew Young is an American Politician, diplomat, activist, and pastor from Goergia. He haas served as Congressman from Georgia's 5th congressional district, the United States Ambassador to the United Nations, and mayor of Atlanta. Andrew's life work has made Atlanta develop into a better city. -
Period: to
Holocaust
The impact of the Holocaust on Georgians was minimal. Atlanta shared a strong connection with Holocaust survivors. Atlanta contains many Holocaust survivors and memorial efforts. -
Civilian Conservation Corps
The CCC was one of the first New Deal programs. It was a public works project intendedto promote environmental conservastion and universal service for youth. -
Rural Electrification
In 1935 the Rural Electrification Act was introduced bythe New Deal. This gaverural areas electricity. Before this act only 10% of the rural area had electricity -
Social Security
On August 14, 1935 FDR signed the social security act. This was part of the New Deal.This was to help people that got hurt on the job or are disable and can not work. Thia act is still used today. -
William B Hartsfield
William B Hartsfield was one of the greatest mayors of Atlanta. He served for 6 terms. He served at the time when the country was desegragating. He is credited for changing Atlanta to a aviation powerhouse. -
Ag Adjustment Act
The AAA was an U.S, federal law of the New Deal Era. Its purpose was to reduce crop surplus. This meant that crop prices would increase. The money for these subsides was generateds through on exclusive tax. -
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World War 2
World War 2 was the most widespread and deadliest war in history. It invovled more than 30 countries and resluted in more than 50 million deaths. The war sparked when Adolf Hitler invaded Poland. The war lasted 6 deadly years. -
peral Harbor
On December 7, 1941 hundreds of Japanese fighter planes attacked the U.S. naval base at Peral Harbor.The attack lasted 2 hours but it was devistating. The Japanese managed to destroy nearly 20 U.S. naval vvessels. More than 2,000 U.S. soliders died. -
Hamilton Holmes & Charlayne Hunter
Hamilton Hoolmes is best known for desegragating Georgia's universties. He was one of the first African American students admitted into UGA. Charlayne Hunter was the other African American amitted into UGA. She is also known for her career as an award winning journalist. -
Eugene Talmadge
Eugene Talmadge was governor during the time of the Great Depression. He was against the New Deal and integration. he wanted to keep Georgia segragated. He supported to reduce property tax on Georgia citizens. -
1964 Governor's Race
Georgia's three governors controversy started with the death of Eugene Talmadge. Talmadge's son was elected governor. He claimed the office of governor amd the outgoing governor, Ellis Armall, refusend to leave office. The Georgia Supreme Court settled the controversy. -
Herman Talmadge
Herman Talmadge, son of Eugene Talmadge, sserved as governor of Georgia. Talmadge was a Democratic. He was governor at a time of political transition. -
John & Lugenia hope
Jpohn Hope was the first black president of Atlanta Baptist College. He became cloase friends with WEB DuBois. His wife, Lugenia, organized the neighborhoiod union. -
Martin Luther King Jr
Martin Luther King Jr was a Baptist minister and a social activist who played a key role in the civil rights movement. King, inspired by advocates of nonviolence, sought equality for African Americans. He was invovled in acts such as Montgomery Bus Boycot and March on Washington. He helped bring equality to African Americans. -
Brown vs Board of Education
Brown vs Board of Education ended segragation in public schools. This case changed history, They were just regular people wanting equality for African Americans. -
1956 State Flag
In 1956 John Sammens began a campaign to substitue the square confederate flag for red and white bars on Georgia's state flag. Some legislators favored the adoption of a stanard flag, to show they moved on from the war. -
Student Non-violence Committee
The Student Nom-violence Committee was formed to give younger blacks more of a voice in the civil rights movement. They wanted to change and to view King's point of view of a non-violence way of life. -
Sibley Comissions
In 1961 Governor Ernest Vandiver Jr was forced to decide to close public schools or desegragate them. The sibley commissions ended the debate reguarding desegragation. They kept the schools running and desegragated. -
Albany Movement
the albany movement was the first mass movement in the modern civil rights era. This movement resulted in jailing more than 1,000 African Americans. MLK Jr was soon brought into the movement. The blacks protested for equality. -
Ivan Allen Jr.
Ivan Allen Jr. served as mayor of Atlanta. He is known for leading the city through an era of significant growth. He was keeping the city calm during the civil rights act. -
march on Washington
march on washington
On August 28, 1963 over 200,000 Americans gathered in Washington D.C. for a political rally. This event was designed to shine light on the challenges African Americans faced in the United States. The march bacame a key momentt in the growing struggle for the civil rights. -
Civil Rights Act
civil rights act
The Civil Rights Act ended segragation in public places.Southern members of Congress strongly disagreed with this act. Congress soon passed this act. Years later Congress expanded and passed more laws to bring equality to African Americans. -
carl Vinson
Carl Vinson was known as "the father of the two ocean navy". He served 25 consecutive terms in the U.S. House. He has served in the U.S. Congress longer than anyone in history. -
Atlanta Falcons
On June 30, 1964 the Atlanta Falcons were born. The NFL granted ownership to Rankin M Smith. The name Falcons was suggested by Julia Elliot. -
Atlanta Braves
the Atlanta Braves moved to Atlanta to begin the 1966 MLB season. The move made Atlanta the first MLB team to be from the south. Atlantya soon joined the exclusive ranks of the Nations major league cities. -
Atlanta Hawks
The Atlanta Hawks is a NBA franchise and part of the Eastern Conference's Southeast Divison. They have called Atlanta home since 1968. In 1968 new owners moved the Hawks to georgia. -
Maynard Jackson
maynard jackson
Maynard Jackson was an Americam Politician and a member of the Democratic Party. He was the first African American mayor of Atlanta Georgia. He severd for eith years the returned a year later to sever one more term. -
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Jimmy Carter in Georgia
[jimmy carter](<a href='http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/government-politics/jimmy-carter-b-1924)' >jimmy carter</a>
Jimmy Carter was the only Georgian to be elected as president. He was an American Polictician, author, and member of the Democratic Party. He only served one term of presidency. In 2002 -
Benjamin Mays
Benjamin Mays is best known by his long term presidency of Morehouse College in Atlanta. He was also a significant mentior of MLK, He filled leadership roles in many of the civil rights act.
