-
Seven Years War
-Caused a debt problem that carried into the revoluton
-Considered the first 'world war' -
Assembly of Notables
-A consulting group of notable citizens
-Consulted on tax reform and finance issues -
Lit de justice passed
-Formal session of Parliament of Paris
-Named because the king would sit on a bed -
Dutch Patriot Revolt
-Disliked the majority of power being held by the princes of Orange
-Dutch banks held a vast majority of British and American debt -
French government realizes bankrupcy
-Loans stopped
-Not official, but a serious predicament -
New Minister of Finance
-Brienne resigns
-Jaques Necker takes over -
Belgian Independence Movement
-King had declared Enlightenment ideals and religious toleration
-Upper class angered over governmental control
-Austrian government returned in the end -
Dauphine dies
-In line for the French throne
-Son of Marie Antoinette -
National Guard formed
-Created in Paris
-Led by Marquis de Lafeyette -
Storming of Bastille
-Starts the French Revolution
-Peasant class storms the French palace wanting the heads of their soverigns -
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
-Assembly adopts
-Every citizen has the same rights, not special for nobility -
Versailles stormed
-Louis and Assembly forced to go to Paris
-Even despite him agreeing to ratify the August Decrees -
What is the Third Estate?
-Political pamphlet by Sieyes
-Response to request by Minister of Finance for how to run the Estates General -
”Tennis Court Oath”
-Shoes determination of deputies to carry out a constitutional revolution
-Signed by 576 of the 577 members of the Third Estate -
End of feudalism
-National Assembly decided to free all remaining serfs
-Led to the Declaration of Rights of Man and citizen. -
Women march to Versailles
-Joined by families and men
-Trying to bring back the royal family to Paris -
Civil Constitution of the Clergy
-Priests take oath of loyalty to state
-Seperates priests into oath or non oath -
Parlaments abolished
-Political group that served as a council to the King
-Served much like the parliament in England -
Le Pere Duchesne
-First issue printed of this radical newspaper by Jacques Hebert
-Continued to be printed until the guillotine -
Fall of Necker
-Efforts to keep financial matters successful were ineffective
-Resigned with a tarnished reputation -
Flight to Varennes
-Louis and M-A attempt to flee in disguise and are captured at Varennes
-They were immediately captured and arrested -
St. Domingue slave revolt
-Led to the elimination of slavery in France
-Led to the freedom and creation of Haiti -
Declaration of War on Austria
-Lous and M.A. were hoping that a war with Austria would suppress the revolution.
-Prussia joined Austria’s side, prepared to attack and defeat France at Paris -
September Massacres
-Showed the dark side of popular revolution where people demanded instant revenge
-1,100 inmates were killed who were suspects of helping the enemies -
Execution of Louis XVI
-Ordered by the National Convention after much debating
-Went to the guillotine and was beheaded -
Execution of M-A
-Tried by the Convention of treason eight months after Louis’ execution; guilty
-Executed by means of the guillotine -
Robespierre named to the Committee of Public Safety
-Robespierre took over the committee which served as a makeshift government in the time of turmoil.
-Began the reign of terror, where many were killed using the guillotine -
Slavery abolished in France
-First Republic (Convention) voted to outlaw slavery
-Provided freedom for all people of any skin color in France or French colonies -
Danton’s arrest, trial, execution
-First president of Committee of Public Safety, wanted to overthrow the monarchy
-Was killed with the end of the Committee of Public Safety (along with Robespierre) -
Ultra-Revolutionary arrest, trial, executions
-A group of radical revolutionaries who wanted to completely change everything about the French government
-Radical group was eliminated which brought the people closer to a compromise and rebuilding of France -
Robespierre and supporters execution
-Marked the end of the reign of terror
-Was guillotined without trial, followed M.A. and Louis’ footsteps -
Directory government takes office
-Body of five directors that held executive power in France following the Convention
-The government structure in the second to last stage of the French Revolution -
Third Partition of Poland
-France annexes Austrian Netherlands
-Officially ends Polish-Lithuanian national sovereignty until 1918 -
Battle of Lodi
-Between Napoleon’s troops and an Austrian general
-Contributed to Napoleon’s complex of superiority -
Coup
-Napoleon’s brother uses sneaky methods to eject all opposed from Parliament for Napoleon’s election
-Napoleon named first Consul -
French constitution (1795) overturned
-Because of Napoleon’s return
-By members of the government who were disillusioned with the war -
New constitution for Napoleon’s rule
-No more representative government
-Napoleon chose his favorites for positions -
Napoleon names himself Consul for life
-Begins to show his sentiments regarding dictatorship
-Begins putting down opposition -
Truce ends with Great Britain
-Napoleon never viewed it as permanent
-Ends Treaty of Amiens (1802) -
Napoleon crowned Emperor
-Civil code
-Pope approves -
Civil Code
-Also called Napoleonic Code
-Patriarchal system held -
Louis-Antoine-Henri de Bourbon-Condé
-Napoleon orders his trial
-Found guilty with no evidence, killed
-Beginning of Napoleon putting down his enemies -
Frances loses at Trafalgar
-Many ships lost
-Fought with Spain against Britain -
Austria revolts
-Napoleon had required that they declare neutrality with Britain
-Napoleon invades Vienna to retaliate -
Napoleon makes brother King of Naples
-Older brother Joseph
-Representative of the benefits to Napoleon’s family -
Napoleon begins using Continental System
-Uses to combat Great Britains shared dominance over Europe (his last hurdle)
-All economic transaction between France or its allies, territories, or colonies and the British prohibited -
Russians defeated
-Defeated at Friedland
-Prussia gets worst of the settlement -
Napoleon’s nobility structure introduced
-From princes to barons
-Titles not entirely inherited, primary role to serve the state -
Napoleon divorces
-Josephine had borne no children
-Marries Marie-Louise of Austria -
Napoleon’s son born
-Mother Marie-Louise
-Given title of King of Rome -
Napoleon consolidates German and Italian states
-Into Confederation of the Rhine and the Kingdom of Italy
-Citizens upset -
Napoleon invades Russia
-Russians retreat, but destroy everything useful in their wake
-Winter sets in and Napoleon falls back (Never invade Russia in the winter--as Hitler learned later)