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World War II Training
Training during World War II had to take on a new form becuase of the influx of men and women over 40 entering the job force (Estep, 2008). -
Taylor to Development programs
During World War II, men and women over 40 entered the job force (Estep, 2008). Frederick Winslow Taylor proposed a scientific managment model.
Job Instrcutor Porgams (JTI) were created to train trainers.
The military designed a systematic approach to training that set learning goals, rewarding correct behavior, and remediated incorrect behavior (Estep, 2008). Image: (Bourke-White, 2014) -
American Society of Training Directors
The American Society of Training Directors was conceived in 1942 and established in 1945 to support leadership in training. It is currently known as the Association of Talent Development. Image: (Association of Talent Development, 2014) -
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The Evolution of Training Programs in the 50's
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Individualized Instruction to Workplace Diversity
Program instruction provided automated, individualized instruction. The learner was allowed to move at their pace and it reduced training time.
Oranizational Development focused on efficiency, effectiveness, health, culture, and business results measured through facilitation, consultation, coaching, analysis, training, and design Estep, 2008).
Diversity in the workplace increases as integration comes into play. Image: (Potbell11, 2011) -
HPI to Mager
Human Performance Improvement (HPI) introduces a “systematic, systemic, results-based approach to helping organizations meet their goals through the work of people” (Estep, 2008, p. 21, para. 3).
Jean Piaget divides cognitive development into four stages: 1. sensorimotor stage, 2. properational stage, 3. concrete operationsl stage, and 4. formal operational stage (Estep, 2008).
Robert F. Mager outlines the importance and process of stating objectives. Image: (DTL, 2011) -
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The Evolution of Training Programs in the 60's
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Sensitivity Training a.k.a. the Laboratory Method
Feminism, environmentalism, and the gay rights movement forced social perspectives into training. Resulting in the implementation of Sensitivity Training or the Laboratory Method to train employees on how to form human relations, work in groups, build an understanding of group dynamics, and how to adjust to better suit the group (Estep, 2008). Image: (DMedina, 2015) -
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The Evolution of Training Programs in the 70's
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Adult Learning Theory
According to Estep (2008), Malcolm Knowles defines five characteristics of adult learning including self-direction, honoring passed experience, and what motivates that group of learners. Image: (Markgraff, 2015) -
Cognitivism and Constructivist
In 1974, Robert M. Gangé and Leslie J. Briggs define cognitivism as "how information is processed, stored, and retrieved in the mind" (Estep, 2008, p. 24, par. 3). Constructivist learning theory arrived in the 70s as well. However, this theory suggested educators create opportunities for learners to "discover and construct learning for themselves" (Estep, 2008, p. 24, par. 4).
Image: (jenniferrodriquez37, 2015) -
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The Evolution of Training Programs in the 80s
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Trainers' Competencies
In 1983, training and development model was defined to establish trainer's competencies (Estep, 2008). -
Human Resource Development
Though budget cuts hindered growth, 1989 saw the creation of human resource develpment programs which included career development and organizational development (Estep, 2008). Image: (Cohdra, 2011) -
E-Learning, Blended Learning, and Learning Enterprise
E-learning, computer-based training, and online learning escalate as technology rockets forward (Estep, 2008).
Blended learning arrives to combine the qualities of online learning and the live classroom.
In 1990, Peter Senge introduces the idea of Learning Enterprise (Estep, 2008). Image: (Jppi, 2016) -
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The Evolution of Training Programs in the 90s
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ASTD WLP Scorecard
ASTD created an online support tool to for benchmarking (Estep, 2008). The scorecard aimed to support growth by monitoring progress, identifying weaknesses, and comparing quality programs (Estep, 2008). Image: (Association of Talent Development, 2014) -
Custome E-Learning
Custome e-learning took hold during the 2000s. As consumers acquired more digital tools learning became mobile. Web 2.0 tools and knowledge management systems increased the accessbility to information (Estep, 2008). Image: (Anitapeppers, 2012) -
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The Evolution of Training Programs in the 2000's
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Resources
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B93afei4RAMAR0o2dkFVdzhBQjg/view?usp=sharing Use the link to view all resources used in this timeline.
