Evolution of Political Ideology: 1789-1917

  • Industrial Revolution

    Industrial Revolution
    Mill, John Stuart. Principles of Political Economy. Düsseldorf: Verl. Wirtschaft u. Finanzen, 1988. This book by economist John Stuart Mill. published in 1848, is significant because of its theory of dependence, a traditional subordination of the working class based on paternalism. This contrasts the employer-worker relationship post-industrial revolution.
  • End of the French Revolution

    End of the French Revolution
    Marx, Karl, and De Daniel Leon. The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte. Singapore: Origami Books, 2018. The quote "men make their own history" but "under circumstances directly given and transmitted from the past." is important in its assessment of historical continuity as an explanation of ideological development.
  • Paris Commune

    Paris Commune
    Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. The Civil War in France. Mansfield Centre, CT: Martino Publishing, 2014. This book is significant as an assessment of the Paris Commune as a French militant socialist revolution, which Engels described as the first example of the "dictatorship of the proletariat." This is relevant in the progression of French socialism.
  • Russian Revolution

    Russian Revolution
    Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. The Communist Manifesto. New York, NY: Monthly Review Press, 1998. The Communist Manifesto is significant because of its false prediction of a bourgeois uprising in Russia, as well as a theoretical outline of the progression of ideologies through revolutions. The dictatorship of the proletariat identifies fundamental problems with Communism.