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Used People as Computers
People will take notes and calculate things using an abacus. There was no advanced technology yet and they used brains instead of computers. People will also take notes and recorded information about teachings, research or ideas. -
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Early History
Time period for Early History -
Analytical Engine
The Analytical Engine was created by Charles Babbage. It was a general mechanical computer that can be used in many ways. It had an integrated memory, which means that it has a variety of memories that is stored together in one place. -
Difference Engine
The Difference Engine was created by Charles Babbage. This was the improved version of the Analytical Engne. The Difference Engine is an automatic mechanical calculator. It was designed to arrange data and also do functions in a limited amount of time. -
Tabulating Machine
The Tabulating Machine was an electromechanical meachine, which means it is electrically operated. It was created to summrize data and information. It was created by Herman Hollerith to help summarize data for the U.S. Census in 1890. The U.S. Census wanted to know the population of the United States, because at that time there were so many immagrants that came to the United States. The Tabulating Machine uses punched cards to record data and information. -
Start of First Generation
Stopped using people as computers, used vacuum tubes in computers. Vacuum tubes are like light bulbs, but they have a vacuum-like property that allows electric currents to pass through so that the computer works. Vacuum tubes were developed by John Ambrose Fleming in 1904. -
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First Generation Computers
Time period for First Generation of Computers -
Punched Cards
A punched card was a piece of stiff paper that contained either commands or data for data processing. Both data and commands are represented by the missing holes on the cards' positions. They were used a lot during the 1900s for controlling 'textile looms', which are looms that were used to weave cloth. Most early digital computers used punched cards. Even in 2012, some voting machines used punched cards. -
Magnetic Tapes and Tape Drives
Magnetic tapes can be used for audio recording or for video recording. But it can also be used to store computer data on a device called a tape drive. These devices were the main things that caused the computer developments to record and collect things. So now, things can be stored in computers mechanically, stored for a long period of time and to be accesed quickly. -
ENIAC announced to the public
The ENIAC was the first electronic computer that was used for many purposes. It mainly calculated things for the army and mathematical equations. For the army, it calculated artillery-firing tables that would shoot accurately thanks to the ENIAC. -
First UNIVAC created
The UNIVAC was invented by John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly. It is an acronym for: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer. It was sold to the United States Census Bureau because they needed to count the population of the United States. But during that time, there were lots of people, and the computer helped him calculate the number of people. -
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Second Generation Computers
Computers used transistors for memory, could print and did not use vacuum tubes -
Transistors created
Transistors kept more memory for the computer, is smaller and lasts longer than vacuum tubes. It was also used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power in the computer. It was invented in 1947 at Bell Labs. They are still used in modern computers today, but in a very small form, they are microprocessors. -
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Third Generation Computers
Integrated Circuit was created, it replaced transistors.
Operating systems allowed computers to run more applications at once. -
Integrated Circuit created
Took place of vacuum tubes. It is smaller and stores more memory for the computer. Also, it does less damage to the computer. The integrated circuit is made out of a semiconductor material, so that it could store memory. It was developed in the 1950s by Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce. -
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Fourth Generation Computers
The size of computers become smaller due to the integrated circuits. It uses very small chips. Personal computers are also created, along with the internet. -
Microsoft Created
Microsoft was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen. In 1975, they started a company called microsoft. They started off as a very small company, but they always had a big vision for the future of personal computers. They dreamt that one day, in every house, everyone will have their won personal computer. Soon, they became a huge company and their dreams and visions came true. -
Apple Created
The first Apple computer is created by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak. They created a very smal company and used tools they could afford and find to build their computers. When Apple II was created, the words 'mouse', 'desktop', and 'icon' was introduced into the ICT world. After a while, their company became a huge company and they made factories that made their computers. After years, they then started making phones, ipods, ipads and laptops. Today, they are a widely-known company.
