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Nasser Comes to Power
• 99.95% of Egyptian voters voted for Nasser
• Nasser created a new constitution which made Egypt a one-party socialist state, and made Islam its official religion
• 99.8% of voters approved
• Nasser served in Sudan during World War II, and served in the first Israeli-Arab War
• He proclaimed himself the prime minister of Egypt in 1954, and put a new constitution in motion that made Egypt an socialist Arab state -
Suez Crisis
• Israeli armed forces forced their way into Egypt going towards the Suez Canal after Nasser nationalized it that same year
• Nationalizing the Suez Canal can cripple the British economy, as well as take away the British and French influence in the middle east -
Leonid Brezhnev
• General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, in power from 1964 until his death in 1982.
• Claimed that Moscow had no intention of inciting an armed conflict in the Middle East and that the June 1967 (Six Day War) war was the result of grave miscalculations and of Soviet inability to control the Arabs, rather than a conspiracy -
Six Day War- Beginning
• When Arab forces build up along Israeli borders, they start launching simultaneous attacks against Egypt and Syria
• After six days of fighting Israel occupied the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt, the Golan Heights of Syria, and the West Bank and Arab sector of East Jerusalem, both previously under Jordanian rule -
Six Day War- End
• When Arab forces build up along Israeli borders, they start launching simultaneous attacks against Egypt and Syria
• After six days of fighting Israel occupied the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt, the Golan Heights of Syria, and the West Bank and Arab sector of East Jerusalem, both previously under Jordanian rule -
Anwar Sadat Comes to Power
• Anwar el-Sadat served in the military before helping to overthrow his country's monarchy
• On July 23, 1952, the Free Officers Organization staged a coup overthrowing the monarchy. From the moment of the coup, Sadat began as Nasser's public relations minister and trusted lieutenant. Nasser assigned Sadat the task of overseeing the official abdication of King Farouk
• When he succeeded Nasser, Sadat was completely unknown and untested. Over the next 11 years, however, Sadat proved his leadershi -
Yom Kippur War
• Egypt and Syria launched a coordinated attack against Israel on Yom Kippur, in attempt to win back lost territory
• Egyptian troops swept deep into the Sinai Peninsula, while Syria struggled to throw occupying Israeli troops out of the Golan Heights
• Israel counterattacked and recaptured the Golan Heights
• A cease-fire went into effect on October 25, 1973 -
President Jimmy Carter
• As the 39th president of the United States, he served from 1977-1981
• Made headway with efforts to create peace in the historic Arab-Israeli conflict -
Camp David Accords
• At the White House in Washington, D.C., Egyptian President Anwar el-Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin sign the Camp David Accords, laying the groundwork for a permanent peace agreement between Egypt and Israel after three decades of hostilities -
Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty
• In 1978 the Camp David Accords were signed, establishing a framework for peace between Egypt and Israel
• The Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty was signed in a ceremony at the White House on March 26, 1979, by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, U.S. President Jimmy Carter, and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin -
Assassination of Anwar Sadat
• On October 6, 1981, Egyptian President Anwar el-Sadat was shot by Muslim extremists during a military parade commemorating the 1973 Yom Kippur War against Israel -
Hosni Mubarak Comes to Power
• In 1975, Mubarak was selected to serve as Sadat's vice president
• Mubarak was sitting next to Sadat when he was killed by Muslim extremists during a military parade
• He was elected president of Egypt the following week -
Osama Bin Laden (Murder)
• Founded Al-Qaeda
• Joined forces with Egypt’s Egyptian Islamic Jihad in 2001.
• Most notable political action was organizing the 9/11 attack
