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Sand Creek Massacre
A 700 men from the Colorado Territory militia attacked and destroyed a village of the Cheyenne and Arapaho tribe. An estimated 70 to 163 Native Americans. Two-thirds of which were women and children. The attack was a fatal blow to the Cheyenne clan system. -
Medicine Lodge Treaty
The Medicine Lodge Treaty were treaties to prevent war between Native American Tribes and the U.S. Army. The first and second treaties were signed on the 21st and the third treaty was signed the third treaty were signed on the 28th. The first treaty included the Kiowa and Comanche, the 2nd included the Kiowa-Apache and the 3rd treaty included the Cheyenne and Arapaho. -
2nd Treaty of Ft. Laramie
The treaty guaranteed ownership and hunting rights to the Black Hills, South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. It included the "civilization of the Lakota" by giving them incentives for farming. Also, the U.S. government stated that teachers, blacksmiths, farmers, millers, carpenters, engineers and government agents should take residence in the reservations. However, after many gold prospectors crossed the Black Hills reservation, the Native Americans attacked them starting the Black Hills War. -
Battle of Palo Duro Canyon
Colonel Ranald S. Mackenzie trapped the Kiowa, Cheyenne, and Arapaho in their hideout in the Palo Duro Canyon. The camps were so spread out the tribes were not able to combine their forces. This battle was a significant victory for the United States Army and ended the Red River War. -
Battle of the Little Big Horn
The Battle of the Little Big Horn was between Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Calvary Regiment of the U.S. Army. The battle lasted from June 25th to the 26th. Five of the 7th Calvary's companies were defeated, George Custer was killed, and it was a great victory for the Lakota, Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribe. -
Relocation of Nez Perce
After Chief Joseph surrendered, ending the Nez Perce War, the tribe relocated to a reservation in the Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). There they experienced epidemics of disease there. Years later, some of his people were allowed to live on the Nez Perce reservation. However, him and the rest of his followers were sent to the Colville Indian Reservation. -
Capture of Geronimo
In May of 1885, Geronimo led a band of Apaches from the San Carlos reservation to Sierra Madre Mountains in Mexico. They raided Mexican towns and ranches. General Nelson Miles pursued the Native Americans until Geronimo surrendered at Skeleton Canyon. -
Ghost Dance Movement
The Ghost Dance was a religious movement that incorporated many Native American beliefs. It was believed that the living could reunite with the dead and this would bring prosperity and peace. The basis of this dance have been a tradition dating back to the prehistoric times. -
Wounded Knee Massacre
The 7th Calvary Regiment went into the Lokato Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. The troops were to disarm the Native Americans, but Black Coyote was reluctant to give up his weapon. The weapon fired and the fighting escalated. About 150 men, women, and children were killed.
