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Bureau of Indian Affairs
Government agency charged with caring for indians -
Indian Removal Act
After demanding both political and military action on removing Native American Indians from the southern states of America in 1829, President Andrew Jackson signed this into law. -
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Billy the Kid
William H. Bonney, better known as Billy the Kid and also known as William Antrim, was a 19th-century gunman who participated in the Lincoln County War and became a frontier outlaw in the American Old West. -
Little Crow’s War
Little Crow tried to avoid war as he new it would lead to defeat, but his warrior and people had enough and demand war. In the wars after mass, the souix warriors were tried as 'war criminals' , 38 were executed and another 326 imprisoned. -
Sand Creek Massacre
As 675 cavalrymen came around a prairie bend, the camps of Chiefs Black Kettle, White Antelope, and Left Hand lay in the valley before them. -
Red Cloud’s War
In 1866, the U. S. Interior Department called upon thousands of Brulé and Oglala Lakota to meet at Fort Laramie for a treaty that would allow settlers and speculators safe passage on the Bozeman Trail. Red Cloud, who refused to sign the treaty and instead, Oglala Lakota warriors with their Cheyenne and Arapaho allies in the Powder River country, launched what became known as Red Cloud’s War. -
Fetterman Massacre
With 81 fatalities, the Fetterman Massacre was the army’s worst defeat in the West until the Battle of Little Bighorn -
Fort Laramie Treaty
This treaty was to bring peace between the whites and the Sioux who agreed to settle within the Black Hills reservation in the Dakota Territory. -
Homestead Act
Offered 160 acres of land free to American Citizens -
Completion of Trans-Cont R.R.
A railroad linking America's east and west coasts had been a dream almost since the steam locomotive made its first appearance in the early 1830s. -
Indian Appropriations Act
In the late nineteenth century, Indian policy began to place a growing emphasis on erasing a distinctive American Indian identity. To weaken the authority of tribal leaders, Congress passed the Indian Appropriation Act, which ended the practice of treating tribes as independent, sovereign nations. -
Camp Grant, AZ Apache massacre
Thirty or more Apache children were stolen and either kept in Tucson homes or sold into slavery in Mexico. -
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Great Sioux War
a series of battles and negotiations involving the Lakota Sioux and Northern Cheyenne against the United States -
Battle of Little Bighorn
263 soldiers, including Lt. Col. George A. Custer and attached personnel of the U.S. Army, died fighting several thousand Lakota, and Cheyenne warriors. -
Desert Land Act
This was passed to encourage and promote the economic development of the arid and semiarid public lands of the Western states. -
Capture of Nez Perce
Nez Perce leader Chief Joseph formally surrendered his forces to General Nelson A. Miles and General Oliver Otis Howard at Bear Paw Mountain, Montana Territory. -
A Century of Dishonor by Helen Hunt Jackson
A Century of Dishonor is a non-fiction book by Helen Hunt Jackson first published in 1881 that chronicled the experiences of Native Americans in the United States, focusing on injustices -
Chinese Exclusion Act
Significant restriction on free immigration in US history, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers. -
Bill Cody’s “Wild West Show”
William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody was an American scout, bison hunter, and showman. -
Cheyenne Uprising
Black Kettle lead his men out of the Sand Creek reservation. His men were starving, so they attacked the settlers. This escalated to attacking mining camps. -
Capture of Geronimo
The little band of Apaches returned to the U.S. with Lawton and officially surrendered to General Mile -
Dawes Act
Law which undercut tribal ties by parceling out reservations lands to individuals. -
Edmunds-Tucker Act
This was passed in response to the dispute between the United States Congress and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints regarding polygamy. -
Yosemite National Park
Home of such natural wonders as Half Dome and the giant sequoia trees. -
Wounded Knee Massacre
150 Native Americans dead, in what was the final clash between federal troops and the Sioux. -
Forest Reserve Act
The Forest Reserve Act of 1891 was signed into law by President Benjamin Harrison after two decades of debate about public land policy and concern about exploitative logging. -
Turner Thesis
Frederick Jackson Turner believed that the strength and the vitality of the America identity lay in its land and vast frontier. -
Carey Act
The act provided for the transfer to Western states of U.S.-owned desert lands on the condition that they be irrigated.
