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The river produced fertile silt and land for growing crops. When farming was very popular China increased their diets, the land was better for producing wheat, millet and cereal. They kept domestic animals when more population of farming grew. page 86
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farmers in Egypt developed an irrigation system. They built basins to collect water during floods. Nile provided an abundance of food. The Nile had a natural barrier to keep invaders out of the land so did The Red sea. Around 3100BC a leader called Menes rose power to upper Egypt but he wanted to rule Lower Egypt too so he invaded Lower Egypt. He became the first Pharaoh. The built a new capital city at the tip of Nile Delta called Memphis. Rivals appeared to challenge the First Dynasty.
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King Menes wanted to take control to the lower and Upper part of Egypt. Menes armies invaded lower Egypt. Then he ruled the two kingdoms.Menes wore a white and red crown. White represents Upper Egypt and Red represents for lower Egypt. Menes was the first pharaoh and founded Egypt's first dynasty.page 89
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In 3000BC Sumerians settled in Mesopotamia in a land called Sumer. The Sumerians developed the world's first civilization. Several hundred thousand Sumerians moved to Mesopotamia page 108.
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Most of our information about Harappan civilization are from two large cities. Harappa and Mohenjo Daro. They both lay on the Indus more than 300 miles away. They had towering fortresses and defenders from these fortresses, lines with store houses, workshops and market stalls. Both cities have alot of public wells. page 126
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In China they farmed, built rivers and formed civilization. Most villagers lived near the Huang He. Seperated cultures began in Southern and Northern China with Sanxindui and Hongshan people. Chinese culture soon became more advanced, popular expanded and villagers spreaded to wider areas. The Xia dynasty started around 2200BC, Yu the great claimed that he found Xia Dynasty.The shang dynasty is establish in 1500BC page 163
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Mentuhotep ruled Egypt during the Middle Kingdom. However the kingdom has internal disorders.Pharaohs couldn't put the kingdom together. A group called the Hykos invaded. They had more advanced weapons to invade Lower Egypt. But the Egyptians fought back. The middle of 1500BC Ahmos took the Hykos out of Egypt. Then Ahmos called himself as king.
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Aryans society is most popular for religious writings. They wrote hymns, poems , myths and ritual that were written by their priest a long time ago. The Aryans crossed places further tha Gange river.
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Tsraelites and Jew were ancestors of the Hebrews. They developed a culture that might later on influence civilisations. A guy named Abraham was called by God to take his family to a new land to make his descendants into a powerful nation.He left Mesopotamia and settled in Canaan
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The city was located near the Euphrates river. By 1800BC they had a powerful government. Hamurabi became Babylon's king. He fought many battles and he brought Mesopotamia into his empire. Hamurabi coden was a set pf 282 laws... it was very famous
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The city of Babylon was located somewhere near the Euphrates river. At 1800BC they had a powerful government. In 1792 Hamurabi became the greatest city's monarchy.
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During the New kingdom trade brought great wealth to pharaohs. Military made Egypt rich, the kingdoms received treasure from their Egyptian conquerors. Their wealth increased by arts and architecture
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The Israelites were afraid so the banded together in one single ruler called Saul. after Saul died David took over his place he was a shepard. David played the Philistine Giant called Goliath. David was well known at good military skills and poet
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A group of Chaldeans led an attack to the Assyrians they destroyed Ninevah and their empire. Caldeans created a new empire, King Nebuchadnezzar was their king, he rebuilt Babylon into a marvelous city. Chaldeans began to keep track of economics, political and wheather events.
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aristocrats are rich landowners took power. A group of rebels tried to over throw the aristocrats. A man named Draco created new laws for Athens
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Siddhartha grew up in a luxury place is Kshatriya. He felt something wasn't right in life and he wanted to solve it. For several years he searched for answers. He wandered 6 years in India. He came by a town named Gaya he sat down and meditated. At age 35 he found enlightment under the tree. And he was called Buddha.
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Kush created less weapons than trade goods. Kush was weakened due to the loss by trade, merchants built trade routes that were located around Kush. In AD 300 Kush lost alot of wealth and military might, the Aksumite army of KIng Ezana destroyed Meroe and ruled Kush.
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Shi Huangdi got power and he didn't want to share his power with the lords. he forced families and nobles to move to the capital so he could monitor them. To control China he divided China into districts each of them had a governor
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The Qin Dynasty fallen at 207BC. Liu Bang who was a peasant became the emperor. He wanted to free people from harsh policies and lower taxes and less punishments. He relied on educators to help him rule.
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Wudi took the throne at 140BC He took land from lords and raised higher prices and placed an amount of grain under his authority. He made a philosophy if a person passed an exam he could get a good standard in the government.
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They used some ideas from Daoism. Buddhism culture was spreaded by ideas from one another. Many Chinese became Buddhist monks and nuns.
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The commentaries were mostly found in the writings of Talmud an everyday life for everyday lessons. Many Jew think them second only to the Hebrews Bibles for Judaism. Sea scrolls were writings by Jews who lived about 2,000 years ago.
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Zealots made their people Jews rise up against the Romans and obey the Roman officials. Tensions began increasing against the Jews and Romans. The Jews revolt against the Romans wasn't successful. The revolt lasted for 4 years.
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Candragupta owned a 600,000 armys of soldiers. He also owned thousands of war elephants and chariots. This made his army strong one thing is because of the war elephants were huge and their enemies were afraid of them. He and his armies fought in many battles.
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Assyrians gained control of Babylon but then it was soon invaded but invaders, the Assyrians took about 300 years to recover their strength. After they conquered Ferile Cresent they ruled Ninevah. The kings in Assyrian ruled large empires with local leaders. They took care of small area and lands and collected taxes, enforced laws and raised troops
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The third dynasty soon rose power. The rule turned in to the old kingdom in ancient history. It lasted from around 2700 to 2200BC
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Writing was one the Sumerians invention. Soon they were able to create more useful invention as time pass. Sources that would make their daily life easier. They created wheel inventions such as carts and wagons. They made the potters wheel. The plow was another famous Sumerian invention. Soon they started making weapons.
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Nile helped Egypt farmers with an amount of food growth. They grew wheat, barley fruits and vegetables. They raised cattle and sheeps. The river had many of fishes and hunters hunt for gees and ducks. The Nile stabled food supplies. The Nile cataracts made invaders hard to cross. The villagers were protected from invaders and the village grew. The village had good farmers as village leaders and strong leaders.
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The Nile is the longest river in the world. It run 400 miles to the Mediterranean Sea. Ancient Egypt has two regions Upper and Lower Egypt. The fertile river is 13 miles There are 5 cataracts on the Upper border of Egypt. The Delta is a triangle shape of land soil deposit by a river located on the lower part of Egypt.