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Independence from Spain, Declaration of Independence in picture
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Chile becomes independent with O'Higgins as supreme leader.
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O'Higgins forced to resign and the civil war between liberal federalists and conservative centralists ends with conservative victory.
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President Manuel Montt liberalises constitution and reduces privileges of landowners and church.
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Chile increases its territory by one third after it defeats Peru and Bolivia in War of the Pacific.
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Pacification of Araucanians paves way for European immigration; large-scale mining of nitrate and copper begins.
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Civil war over constitutional dispute between president and congress ends in congressional victory, with president changed to figurehead.
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New constitution increases presidential powers and divides church and state.
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General Carlos Ibanez del Campo is put into power and establishes dictatorship.
