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An alliance between Germany, Russia, and Austria-Hungary because Germany wanted to reduce the threat from Russia
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To protect itself from France, Germany formed an alliance with Italy and Austria-Hungary. This alliance hurt France by depriving it of possible allies.
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When the Three Emperors' League dissolved due to tensions between Russia and Austria-Hungary, Bismarck kept France isolated by forming a separate German-Russian alliance. Eventually expired after the new king took the throne which increased tensions with both Russia and Great Britain.
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The first to link Europe and Asia. It fueled Russian dreams for expanding trade, landholding, and influence in East Asia
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Russia's move on Manchuria brought conflict with Japan, so they went to war over Manchuria and Korea
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The war went badly for Russia and resulted in the return of Manchuria to China and Japan regained control over Korea. Neither Russia nor Japan was happy with the war's outcome. This war, however, established the United States as a major player on the world stage.
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Russia, France, and Great Britain formed this alliance because they were concerned about Germany
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Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina, which caused tensions in the empire's ethnic minority groups.
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Russia supported Serbia in these short wars. The first war ended Ottoman rule on the peninsula, and the second war divided the former Ottoman lands among the Balkan nations. Serbia doubled in size as a result.
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Germany surpassed Britain to become Europe's leading industrial power
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An act of Serbian nationalism led to the murder of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb who had been trained by a Serbian secret terrorist organization called the Black Hand, shot and killed him in Sarajevo. This act incited the events that led to World War 1.
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Featured Austria-Hungary, Russia, Germany, France, and the Ottoman Empire (present-day Turkey) fighting for land in Europe; Britain fighting for colonies and control over much of Africa and Asia; the United States seeking to dominate the Americas; and Japan seeking land and power in mainland Asia
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Germany began using poisonous gas as weaponry
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The Armenian Genocide, which took place during World War 1, brought about the suffering, torture, and death of more than a million Armenians.
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The sinking of the British passenger ship Lusitania by German U-boats in 1915 provoked public outrage. The United States’ opposition to Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare was one reason why they entered the war. -
The Allied powers attempted to capture the Gallipoli Peninsula in Turkey from the Ottomans. In this picture, Allied troops land on the beach. Eventually, the Allies were defeated by a strong Turkish defense.
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The airplane was another new weapon in World War I. The first planes were used to spy on the enemy. By 1917, they were directing artillery fire and dropping bombs.
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In 1917, the huge number of lives and resources lost caused Russia’s government to collapse. Months of unrest followed until, in December, a new government signed a peace agreement with the Central Powers and pulled Russia out of the war.
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In February 1917, Germany resumed its previous policy of unrestricted submarine warfare. Furthermore, Germany made an offer of an alliance with Mexico. It promised that if Mexico went to war against the United States, Germany would reward Mexico with lands in New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona. These actions led the United States to declare war on Germany in April 1917. -
The Second Battle of Somme, which took place over the course of two months, became the central part of the Allies’ advance against Germany. It proved crucial for the end of the war. -
In January 1918, President Woodrow Wilson issued a statement of war goals called the Fourteen Points; tried to bring the war to an early end. The first five points addressed general world concerns. The next eight points dealt with specific territorial issues in Europe and the Ottoman Empire. Wilson’s Fourteen Points were not embraced by other Allied leaders. However, they kept their feelings private while the war continued because they needed the Americans’ help. -
On November 9, the Kaiser abdicated and then fled to the Netherlands. In Berlin, the monarchy came to an end. Civilian political leaders took control and declared Germany to be a republic.
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