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restricted the amount that could be spent on mass media advertising, including TV
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limited how much individual and group could contribute to candidate
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limited the amount that candidates and their families could contribute to their own campaigns
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prevented corporations and labor unions from participation directly in politcal campaeign, but allowed them to set up political actoin committees (PACS)
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required disclosure of all contributions and expenditures of more than $100
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created the Federal Election Commission (FEC) to administer and enforce the act's provisions
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"candidate, ne less than any other person, has a First Amendment right to engage in the discussion of public issues and vigorously and tirelessly to advocate his own election."
TRANSLATION - You can spend as much as you want on your own camgain -
all presidential candidate run for office on public funding
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Money spent by corporations on issues or candidates that in NOT coordinated with campaign
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Soft money comes from corporations for spending through political parties to influence elections
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Bans soft money on the national level and regulated campaign ads. Individual limited to $2000 per candidate and $95,000 total. State level limited to $10,000
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The NRA (National Rifle Association) sued McCain-Fiengold Act. The Supreme Court upheld the law
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36% of House of Representative spending comes from PAC. This peak is later reduced as cadidates turned to other forms of fund raising
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From 2003 to 2007 to new conservative judges (John Roberts and Sammuel Alito) were added and by 5-4 decision reversed most of McCain-Fiengold
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Barack Obama became first president elected while refusing public funding
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Citizens United v FEC and Speechnow v FEC Supreme Court decisions remove any limits of spending as long as they do not contribute directly to a candidate's campaign
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"independent-expenditure only committees"
Supposedly independent from campaign, but run usually by former members of campaign make INDEPENDENCE a joke. Replace 527 "advocate position" funding that couldn't expressly advocate for candidate -
Named after tax code number. Are committees that can spend unlimited funds for campaigns and can conceal donors as long as they do not directly coordinate with candidates campaigns
