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A war between the Muslims and Christians for the Holy Land.
European kings gained more power because of the number of nobels that died in battle.
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Renassiance means rebirth, which began a new direction in art. They began to take interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture, which made them to think of having a good education. The movements from learning different subjects (Grammar, poetry, history and Latin) was called humanism
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Between France and England. It was fought for land in France, because England had land in France and wanted more. Even though it's called the '100 year war' it acually was musch longer than only 100 years, and in during the time the call it this there were chunks of times of peace.
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Entire towns were wiped out between 1347and 1351.
Rats from ships carried the disease from infected fleas. -
Hongwu worked to rebuild Chine. He reduced takes and passed reforms to improve agricultrure and trade, increasing stability and proeperity in China.
Lasts until 1644 -
(Mid 1400's)
Letters of the al[habet were cast onto metal plates and locked those plates into a wooden press. Movable type writing made producing books and other printed material fast and cheaper, and available to more people. His first publication was the Bible. -
Lasts until 1433
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She began to have visions at the age of 13, and she was burned at the age of 19. She became a bit of a symbol for France. In 1920 she becomes cannonized- a saint. She is known as the Saint of Orleans.
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This conquest made them an Empire, and one of the most powerful as well. When they Ottomans found out that they would not be able to break the lock from the floating logs, called Golden Horns, the fleet anchored in Dolmanache would move to the gates and take the element of surprise.
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He set out to reach Asia by sailing across the Atlantic. The sailed for about two months before the say any land, and when they finally saw land - the Americas he believed he had completed his goal.
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Another Portuguese explorer. When he set out for India he stopped at several African ports. His return caused great excitment among the Portuguese which lead to another exploror finding and claiming the land that is now Brazil.
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He placed the Earth as the third planet from the Sun, and in his model, the moon orbits the Earth- not the Sun.He also hypothesized that the stars did not orbit the Earth, but that the Earth rotates, and that makes the stars look like they have moved in the sky.
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Lasts until 1722
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Amerigo Wespucci was the one to find out that the new land was not Asia. He found this out when we sailed along the coast of South America. Map makers named the land America in his honor.
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Mona Lisa tries to capture the complexity of the human spirit. He used a "mysterious smile" to try and capture it's complexity. It is still well known and admired.
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He painted vivid, expressive scenes from the Bible.
They would climb 40-foot ladders to a scaffolding, then to another 20 feet to a platform 7 feet beneath the ceiling. -
In the theses, Luther flately denies that indulgence has any power to remit sin. They were written for the church, and in academic Latin, which most did not understand.
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He set out with 5 ships and 250 mean to sail for Spain. Some of his men mitinied or rebelled during their long journey. When their fleet reached the Philippines Magellan was killed in battle and the journey was taken over by Juan Sebastián.
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Pizarro has heard of the fabulous wealth that Peru had and hoped to gain some. Their new ruler, Atahualpa agreed to meet with him. When they met he demanded that he give over the empire to Pizarro, and when he refused the Spanish took him as a prisoner.
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Through the Act of Supremacy he made himself the "supreme head" of the Church Of England. He destroyed Catholic shrines and ordered the Great Bible to be placed in all churchs.
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Lasts until 1563.
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He governed Spain in her "Golden-Age." During his reign he saw the economic decline and bankruptcy. His greatest failing was not listening to his won judgement and instead taking the advice of others around him.
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Daugher of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. Elizabeth was more moderate in government than her father and siblings had been. She never married, or had kids, and she tried to stay out of expensive wars.
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Ended in the 1800s. A shortage of labors in the Americas led to the beginning of the Atlantic slave trade. Because Europeans diseases had killed millions, they needed more workers for their plantations. As a result, millions of Africans were forcibly taken to the Americas.
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The new generation of philosophers began to view reason as the best way to understand the truth. It was a time of optimisn and possibilities. When the Enlightenment reached its peak, Paris was the center of intellectual activity. This time period envoked the notion that the problems of the world could be corrected by educated people.
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The settlers of Jamestown hoped to find gold and silver and possibly a river route to the Pacific. Some 80 percent of the settlers died during their first winter in America, due to the marshy groun and impure water. Even though they had often recieved aid from locals during the early years, many colonists viewed the Natice Americans with dustrust, or anger.
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He led an absolute monarchy and he is known for his aggressive foreign policy. Even thought he became King on 1643, it wasn't until 1661 that he took control, and that was because of the death of Mazarin. He managed to improve France's unorganized system of taxes, and limit bad borrowing practices.
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Last Imperial dynasty of China. They ruled for about 300 years. The word Qing in China means "pure." There reign failed because of internal corruption and denial of changing times.
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Died in 1796.
After her husband became Czar Peter III in 1761, Catherine grew angry at his weak ruling nature, as did many other Russian nobles. Catherine was able to seize power from the new czar, who was murdered, and she was declared czarina of Russia. She was influenced by major European thinkers who beleived that a strong and wise ruler would improve life. -
Went into effect in 1789.
The Constitution is the supreme law of the U.S. The original only consisted of ten amendments, and later was amended twenty-seven times. The first ten are known as the Bill of Rights, and they give specific protentions over liberty and justice. -
Ended in 1799.
The French people had grown angry at the kind for his inability to deal with the declining living conditions. AS the people got fed up with the the monarchy, the went into an open rebellion and took control over the prisons. This became a symbol of the people rebelling against the monarchy. -
Ended in 1794.
This was a period of immense violence which was a conflict between political factions, and was marked by its mass executions. The death toll ranged in the tens of thousands. During this time, violence became a normal method to use when dealing with counter-revolutionaries. -
He had a big ceremony when he proclaimed himself as the emperor and Josephine empress. Even though he had Pope PIus VII at this celebration, he would not Prius to crown him, and instead crowned himself and Josephone. He then next moved to create an aristocracy in which he started granting tiles to people who would serve him rather well.
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The final confrontation pittied Napoleon's troops against British troops led by the Duke of Wellington. One of Britian's allies, Prussia came to rheir aid. Napoleon's troops were no match. They were driven off the field. This defeat was the end of his military career.
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