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The Crusades were a series of religious wars. They were fought by Christian Kingdoms against Muslim Kingdoms.
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Renaissance is French for rebirth. Spread in forms of art, literature, and documents traveling north with other goods.
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The war was between the Kings and Kingdoms of France and England. The war started when King Philip VI from France tried to take the English territories in the duchy of Aquitaine.
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The plague was caused by the bacterium Pastuerella Pestis. Originated from the Gob Desert in Mongolia.
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Durring this period China rulers gained control of many new places. Hongwu made China increase in stability and prosperity.
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Zheng He's fleet crisscrossed the Indian Ocean with 300 ships and 28,000 men.
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Joan of Arc was tried for witchcraft and heresy, and burned at the stake, at the age of 19. After her death, her fame increaed.
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The fall of the constantinople was caused by a seige to take over the capitle of the Byzantine Empire. This attack was lead by Sultan Mehmed II against Emperor Constantine XI.
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The printing press, was a hand press, where ink was rolled over the raised surfaces of block letters held by a wooden form and the form pressed up against a sheet of paper. His first printed document was The Bible which was 1,282 pages.
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The Jews, Gypsies, and Moors were banned from Spain because they were muslims. The only religion that Spain was going to be allowing, was Catholicism.
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Columbus was financed by the Queen of Spain. He recieved three ships to sail with: the Pinta, the Niña, and the Santa María.
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Da gama learned to sail in the Navy and in 1947 was given a ship in order to discover a sailing route to India. On the way to India he stopped by several African ports and saw that Muslims were already involved in trade.
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Most of the slaves being brought to the New World, that traveled along the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by West Africans to Western European slave traders, or by direct European capture to the Americas. They needed the slaves because the new worl lacked workers.
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The Safavid Empire was a theocracy. The empire covered all of Iran, and parts of Turkey.
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The new world was noticed by Amerigo Vespucci. The new world was also named after him, (Americus) later becoming America
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The identity of the woman in the painting is still a mystery, but some believe that it is the female form of Leonardo Da Vinci himself. It is considered a priceless painting.
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It took him 4 years to finish the Chapel. Julius basically forced Michelangelo to paint the Chapel.
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Martin Luther was a monk, and he put the 95 Thesis on the door to the Castle Church. They were about financial and religious practices that he wanted to debate with the Catholic leaders.
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Ferdinands ship and crew was the first to successfully sail around the world. Magellan was killed in the Phillipines in a fight against the native people, but his crew sailed on.
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The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur (Zahir ud-Din). This was India's first Muslim empire and was known for its wealth and power.
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Henry took over the Church of England, because it was no longer under the authority of the Pope. He changed some rituals, and closed Catholic Monasteries and convents and gave the land to the nobles.
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1532 Atahualpa agreed to meet with Pizarro. Pizarro took Atahualpa prisoner after he disagreed to what Pizarro wanted. They later killed Atahualpa and destroyed to Inca Army and took over the empire.
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His theory proposed that the Earth revolves around the Sun. Copernicus was the first scientist to create a complete model of the solar system that combined physics, astronomy, and mathematics.
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Pope Paul III covened the Council of Trent after realizing the doctrines of the Catholic Faith needed redefined. The Council of Trent stated that there was no compromise between Catholicism and Protestantism.
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Philip II kept Spain wealthy and it's powere grew heavily. Revolts and rebellions lasted very long and finally truces were reached, and things were mended.
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Queen Elizabeth drafted a new Supremacy Act in1559. She was against Catholics, and persecuted anyone who supported it.
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This was the time of optimism and possiblity. They thought the problems of the worlds could be solved by educated people.
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They founded this colony 13 years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth in Massachusetts. The government, language, customs, beliefs and aachievment of these early Virginians are all part of the United States.
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Louis had the longest reign in European history, and he was 4 years old when he first became king. He was known as the Sun King because he wanted everything to revolve around him.
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The Qing Dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of China. It was founded by non chinese people: the Manchus.
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In this book Hobbes described humans as being naturally selfish and fearful. Hobbes thought that people needed a powerful monarch to tell them how to live.
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Cromwell believed everyone should lead their lives according to what was written in the bible. Despite being a highly religious man, Cromwell had a hatred for the Irish Catholics.
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Peter built a Navy after attempting to attack Azov, a Black Sea port. He modernized and reformed Russia.
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She believed a strong and wise ruler could improve life for his/ her subjects. She promoted science and arts, and reformed legal and education systems and also removed some restrictions on trade.
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Resentments against the French Monarch are what fueled the Revolution. The French Revolution lasted for 10 years.
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The constitution created a federal system of government. They created the constitution for the people.
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There was a series of accusations, trials, and executions that were known as The Reign of Terror. The common people being killed were nobles, but it affected everyone.
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Napolean wanted to stay a ruler, so he arrested anyone who opposed this. After another vote the people wanted him as Emporer.
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Napolean fought against a British troop led by Duke of Wellington and Prussian troops, which aided the British. Napleans one army was no match for Britians, and their allies, so Napolean was defeated after a long hard battle.
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Tookugawa established a strong central government which brought peace, and stability to Japan. This period caused agricultural production to ride, and population to grow.
