-
-
The Columbian exchange, also known as the Columbian interchange, named after Christopher Columbus, was the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, diseases, and ideas
-
-
Encomienda, in colonial Spanish America, was a legal system by which the Spanish crown attempted to define the status of the Indian population in its American colonies
-
-
-
The middle passage was were African slaves where brought to the new world.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
The Mayflower Compact was a set of rules for self-governance established by the English settlers who traveled to the New World on the Mayflower.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Harvard was founded in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and named for its first donor, the Reverend John Harvard,
-
-
The fundamental orders describe the government set up by the Connecticut River towns, setting its structure and powers
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
King Philip's War was an armed conflict in 1675–1678 between indigenous inhabitants of New England and New England colonists and their indigenous allies
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
The Great Awakening refers to a number of periods of religious revival in American Christian history.
-
-
-
The French and Indian War was the North American conflict in a larger imperial war between Great Britain and France known as the Seven Years' War
-
The Industrial Revolution, was the transition to new manufacturing processes in and the United States, in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.
-
-
-
-
-
-
The Quartering Act of 1765 required the colonies to house British soldiers in barracks provided by the colonies.
-
an act of the British Parliament in 1765 that exacted revenue from the American colonies by imposing a stamp duty on newspapers and legal and commercial documents. Colonial opposition led to the act's repeal in 1766 and helped encourage the revolutionary movement against the Crown.
-
The Townshend Acts were a series of measures, passed by the British Parliament in 1767, that taxed goods imported to the American colonies.
-
The Boston Massacre was a deadly riot that occurred on March 5, 1770, on King Street in Boston
-
The Boston Tea Party was a political protest that occurred on December 16, 1773, at Griffin's Wharf
-
The Tea Act of 1773 was one of several measures imposed on the American colonists by the heavily indebted British government in the decade leading up to the American Revolutionary War
-
The Tea Act of 1773 was one of several measures imposed on the American colonists by the heavily indebted British government in the decade leading up to the American Revolutionary War
-
-
-
The Battles of Lexington and Concord, fought on April 19, 1775, kicked off the American Revolutionary War
-
t was agreed that a Continental Army would be created. The Congress commissioned George Washington of Virginia to be the supreme commander
-
The Continental Congress commissioned George Washington as Commander in Chief of the Continental Army
-
The Declaration of Independence was the first formal statement by a nation's people asserting their right to choose their own government it was written by Thomas Jefferson
-
-
-
Valley Forge functioned as the third of eight winter encampments for the Continental Army's main body, commanded by General George Washington, during the American Revolutionary War
-
The Battle of Saratoga occurred in September and October, 1777, during the second year of the American Revolution.
-
The Articles of Confederation provided the colonies, and then the states, with a formal governmental structure
-
-
When British General Lord Charles Cornwallis and his army surrendered to General George Washington's American force and its French allies
-
The Treaty of Paris of 1783 formally ended the American Revolutionary War.
-
Shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising in Western Massachusetts and Worcester in response to a debt crisis
-
The Federalist, commonly referred to as the Federalist Papers, is a series of 85 essays written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison between October 1787 and May 1788.
-
-
-
-
A compromise made between Southern and Northern states during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 where three-fifths of the population of slaves would be counted for representation
-
-
-
George Washington, standing on the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York, took his oath of office as the first President of the United States
-
-
-
The Second Great Awakening was unlike the first, in that many people were converted into different sects of Christianity through camp meetings and tent revivals.
-
-
-
-
A document by George Washington in 1796, when he retired from office. It wasn't given orally, but printed in newspapers
-
-
an American statesman, attorney, diplomat, writer, and Founding Father who served as the second president
-
The XYZ Affair caused tensions to increase between the United States and France
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father
-
-
The Louisiana Purchase. U.S. acquisition of the Louisiana territory from France in 1803
-
-
James Madison. The author of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights, Madison was also the father of the Federalist party
-
-
-
War of 1812. A war between the U.S. and Great Britain caused by American outrage over the impressment of American sailors by the British
-
Key wrote the words to " The Star-Spangled Banner" while watching the British bombardment of Fort McHenry, Maryland, in the War of 1812.
-
-
-
"Era of Good Feelings" a period in the political history of the United States that reflected rising nationalism in America after between 1817-1825.
-
-
He is the author of the Monroe Doctrine.
-
-
-
-
A statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere.
-
-
The Erie Canal is a 363-mile waterway that connects the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean via the Hudson River in upstate New York
-
-
The textile factory system of the early 19th century that employed mainly young women
-
-
Andrew Jackson was the model common man. He had been orphaned, so he fought in the Revolutionary War at age thirteen. In the War of 1812, he became a hero and launched his political career soon after.
-
the Indian Removal Act was the forcible and violent dispossession of indigenous people's land in the southeastern United States.
-
The abolitionist movement was the social and political effort to end slavery everywhere. Fueled in part by religious fervor, the movement was led by people like Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth, and John Brown
-
-
A forced relocation of Native Americans consisting of 5 nations of Indians from the Southeast who were forced westward.
-
William Lloyd Garrison was an American journalistic crusader who helped lead the successful abolitionist campaign against slavery
-
-
-
-
American educator, the first great American advocate of public education, who believed that, in a democratic society, education should be free.
-
-
-
Her efforts on behalf of the mentally ill and prisoners helped create dozens of new institutions across the United States
-
Often referred to as the first “dark horse,” James K. Polk was the 11th President of the United States from 1845 to 1849, the last strong President until the Civil War.
-
-
Frederick Douglass. The impassioned abolitionist and eloquent orator provides graphic descriptions of his childhood and horrifying experiences as a slave
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
This treaty, signed on February 2, 1848, ended the war between the United States and Mexico.
-
The “Mexican Cession” refers to lands surrendered, or ceded, to the United States by Mexico at the end of the Mexican War.
-
-
-
The Compromise of 1850 consists of five laws passed in September of 1850 that dealt with the issue of slavery and territorial expansion.
-
Passed on September 18, 1850, by Congress, The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was part of the Compromise of 1850. The act required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state. The act also made the federal government responsible for finding, returning and trying escaped slaves.
-
-
Published in 1852, the novel had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the U.S. and is said to have "helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War"
-
-
The Kansas-Nebraska Act was an 1854 bill that mandated “popular sovereignty”–allowing settlers of a territory to decide whether slavery would be allowed within a new state's borders
-
Bleeding Kansas, Bloody Kansas, or the Border War was a series of violent civil confrontations in Kansas Territory, United States, between 1854 and 1859 which emerged from a political and ideological debate over the legality of slavery in the proposed state of Kansas.
-
In Ripon, Wisconsin, former members of the Whig Party meet to establish a new party to ... The Civil War firmly identified the Republican Party
-
The Caning of Charles Sumner, or the Brooks–Sumner Affair, occurred on May 22, 1856, in the United States Senate, when Representative Preston Brooks, a pro-slavery Democrat from South Carolina, used a walking cane to attack Senator Charles Sumner, an abolitionist Republican from Massachusetts, in retaliation for a speech given by Sumner
-
A case in which the Court decided that slaves who were descendants of American slaves were not citizens of the United States
-
-
Abraham Lincoln is famous for the Gettysburg Address, abolishing slavery and being one of the four presidents who have been assassinated.
-
-
President of the Confederate States of America for the duration of the American Civil War (1861-1865). ... In February 1861 he was elected president of the Confederacy.
-
The Battle of Fort Sumter (April 12–13, 1861) was the bombardment of Fort Sumter near Charleston, South Carolina by the South Carolina militia (the Confederate Army did not yet exist), and the return gunfire and subsequent surrender by the United States Army, that started the American Civil War.
-
-
-
President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, as the nation approached its third year of bloody civil war. The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."
-
-
The Siege of Vicksburg was a great victory for the Union. It gave control of the Mississippi River to the Union.
-
The Battle of Gettysburg fought from July 1 to July 3, 1863, is considered the most important engagement of the American Civil War.
-
-
-
With the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson became the 17th President of the United State
-
-
-
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
-
The Freedmen's Bureau, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War.
-
-
-
In Pulaski, Tennessee, a group of Confederate veterans convenes to form a secret society that they christen the “Ku Klux Klan.”
-
-
-
The primary charge against Johnson was that he had violated the Tenure of Office Act, passed by Congress in March 1867, over his veto. ... Specifically, he had removed from office Edwin M.
-
Fourteenth Amendment, amendment (1868) to the Constitution of the United States that granted citizenship and equal civil and legal rights to African Americans and slaves who had been emancipated after the American Civil War, including them under the umbrella phrase “all persons born or naturalized in the United States.”
-
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
-
-
-
Studies among the Tenements of New York (1890) is an early publication of photojournalism by Jacob Riis, documenting squalid living conditions in New York City slums in the 1880s
-
The Boxer Uprising, was the popular peasant uprising in China (supported nationally), that blamed foreign people and institutions for the loss of Chinse traditional ways
-
In 1890, he published The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660-1783 in which he argued that a nation's greatness and prosperity comes from maritime power. He believed that America's "destiny" was to control the Caribbean, build the Panama Canal, and spread Western civilization across the Pacific. -
-
-
-
The Spanish American War of 1898 was a conflict between Spain and America over territory in Latin America and the Far East.
-
a term in foreign affairs initially used to refer to the policy established in the late 19th century and the early 20th
-
Diplomatic policy developed by Roosevelt where the "big stick" symbolizes his power and readiness to use military force if necessary.
-
-
-
The novel portrays the harsh conditions and exploited lives of immigrants in the United States in Chicago and similar industrialized cities.
-
-
-
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was a civil rights group founded in 1909. It is America's largest and most enduring civil rights organization
-
-
-
-
-
-
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie are shot to death by a Bosnian Serb nationalist during an official visit to the Bosnian capital of Sarajevo on June 28, 1914. The killings sparked a chain of events that led to the outbreak of World War I by early August. -
-
-
The disaster set off a chain of events that led to the U.S. entering World War I. A German U-boat torpedoed the British-owned steamship Lusitania, killing 1,195 people including 128 Americans, on May 7, 1915. The disaster set off a chain of events that led to the U.S. entering World War I.
-
-
The Zimmermann Telegram was a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico if the United States entered World War I against Germany.
-
-
-
-
-
Most importantly, however, was Point 14, which called for a “general association of nations” that would offer “mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small nations alike.” -
Treaty of Versailles. was created to solve problems made by World War I. Germany was forced to accept the treaty.
-
A federal act enforcing the eighteenth amendment, which prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages.
-
The Nineteenth Amendment to the US Constitution was ratified on August 18, 1920. It declares that “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.”
-
This “renaissance” gave African American culture a national platform on an equal footing to other American cultural traditions and resulted in the emergence of racial pride which led to political movements to rectify racial discrimination.
-
-
Shortly after the end of World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, the Red Scare took hold in the United States. A nationwide fear of communists, socialists, anarchists, and other dissidents suddenly grabbed the American psyche in 1919 following a series of anarchist bombings. The nation was gripped in fear. Innocent people were jailed for expressing their views, civil liberties were ignored, and many Americans feared that a Bolshevik-style revolution was at hand. -
-
The Tea Pot Dome Scandal was one of the most extreme examples of government corruption in United States history.
-
-
-
the custom airplane used by Charles Lindbergh to make the first solo, non-stop trans-Atlantic flight.
-
The Saint Valentine's Day Massacre was the 1929 murder of seven members and associates of Chicago's North Side Gang that occurred on Saint Valentine's
-
