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NOrth America and many other lands were "found" creating new trade routes to the "New World".
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Chiaroscuro- the treatment of light and shade in drawing and painting.
Linear- an depth cue that is related tyo both size and texture gradiant. -
The Renaissance in Ita;y lasted from the 14th century up until the late 16th century. This was a time when many important discoverys were made and the rise of the Humanist ideiology.
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Was the father of Humanism.
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Was a wealthy florintine who influenced and manipulated elections and signoria.
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A Portugese prince who helped portugese politics and expansion.
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Arose under the patronage of Cosimo de Medici to help humanists devote attention to plato and neoplatonist ideals.
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He discovered the "New World" while looking for a trade route to India.
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he painted the Moa Lisa, which brought a new dimension to art, and the Last Supper.
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Was the one that told Euroupe that Christopher Colombus had found a new land mass; because of this the continent was named after him.
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A fragile allience between Naples, MIlan and Florence.
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He was a scholar, humanist, and theologian.
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Created the first "printer" called the Gutenburg Printer which allowed people to increase the rate of making books.
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Created the statue of david which emphasised the perfect human body.
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an English Lwyer, social philosopher, author, statesman, and a humanist.
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Organised the spanish expansion into the new world.
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German theologian who was disconected with medieval christian traditions. and wrote the 95 theses.
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Painted the school of Athens
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An allience of the opponents of the French in Italy.Also known as "The Holy League".It was formed to make sure there wasnt french dominince in italy.
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Was the emergence of modern science during the Early Modern Period, this time concisted of numerous machines being created that are still used in the modern age like the Steam Engine.
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Charles V- allowed the spread of the reformation, that Maximillian started and lead, even after his death.
Diet of Augsburg- were the meetings of the Imperial Diet in the German city of Augsburg. -
Was the leader of the calvanists who belived in divine predestination.
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He created the Church of England after the Pope refused to allow him to get a divorce from Catherine of Aragon.
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She was the daughter of Henry VIII and would kill anyone that wasnt cathoic and remade the Catholic curch the dominent church of england.
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Sales of indulgences, neopatism, simony, clerical immorality, absenteeism, The Great Schism, and humanism
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a period of trsnsiotion from self-governing states to centrwalized nation- states.
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Were French protestants
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Was the sister of Mary I, She executed MAry and took over the throne and made the protestant curch the major church of England.
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Founder of the Netherlands as a state. He helped set off the 80 years war.
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was legislation in granted King Henry VIII Royal Supremacy,
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Chaarles V made this to assert Pope Paul into office.
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Was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator, essayist and author. He served as the Attorney General and Chancellor of England.
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a series of wars for religion all throught europe.
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Was a Italian astronomer, physicist, engineer, philosopher, and mathematician who helped with the scientific revolution.
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To tolerate the prtestant religion
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The Netherlands had toleration for every religion.
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was a Parlimentary goernment
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Frances government was a absolute monarchy.
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Dutch trade, science, military, and art was the most aclaimed in the world.
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The Spanish inventor, Jeronimo de Ayanz y Beaumont, built the first steam engine. This helped start the Industrial Revolution.
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Twelve Years Truce- name given to the cessation between the hasburg rulers of Spain and the southern Nehterlands and dutch republic.
Peace of Westphalia- was a serious of peace treaties that ended the thirty years war. -
Created the palace of Versilles where he monitered the nobility and kept them his control. kown as the "Sun King"
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Was an English physicist and mathematician, who helped with the Scientific Revolution.
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A philosophical movement which dominated the world of ideas in Europe.
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Was the Tsar of Russia. Was the one that brought the cultural revolution to russia after going to england. Also created the Beard Law.
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A franch lawyer and philosopher during the Enlightenment.
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Was the overthrow of king James II and was replaced with a parlimentary government.
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Declaired the rights of the people and settling the successsion of William III.
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was a French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher, Was famous for his views on religious toleration and the church.
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Was a war that Great Britian, Prussia, Russia The Holy Roman Empire, and France fought because they wanted to be the major European power.
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Napoleon- was the Emporer of France And was a French general. Made the largest empire in eurpe at is time that could have rivled the Roman Empire.
Romantisism- was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe. -
During The revolution The French peoples rebuit and redesigned their country to their new ideals and way of life.Also this helped the ascent f Napoleon Bonaparte.
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A political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and equality
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The strong belief that the interests of a particular nation-state are of primary importance and culture should have a independent nation.
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An talian statesman and who was a leading figure in the Italian unification.
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A nationalist Prussian statesman who practically ruled German and European affairs.
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Was the Tsar of Russia. He built the Winter Palace which put Russia into even more poverty than it already was. The people assasinated him and his family on March 13, 1881.
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The Republican Government of France (1848 Revolution and the 1851 revolt by Louis Napoleon Bonaparte.)
