AP Art History Timeline

Period: 40,000 BCE to 8000 BCE

Paleolithic (Global Prehistory)
25,500 BCE

Apollo 11 Stones (Global Prehistory)

Namibia
c. 25,500 - 25,300 B.C.E. Charcoal on stone
15,000 BCE

Great Hall of the Bulls Cave paintings (Global Prehistory)

Lascaux, France
15,000-13,000 B.C.E. Rock painting
14,000 BCE

Camelid sacrum (Global Prehistory)

Tequixquiac, Mexico
14,000–7000 B.C.E. Bone
Period: 8000 BCE to 2000 BCE

Neolithic (Global Prehistory)
6000 BCE

Running Horned Woman (Global Prehistory)

Tassili n’Ajjer, Algeria
6000 - 4000 B.C.E. Pigment on rock
4200 BCE

Beaker with ibex motif (Global Prehistory)

Susa, Iran
4200--3500 B.C.E. Painted terra-cotta
4000 BCE

Anthropomorphic Stele (Global Prehistory)

Arabian Peninsula
4th millennium B.C.E. Sandstone
3500 BCE

White Temple and its ziggurat (Ancient Near Eastern)

Uruk (modern Warka, Iraq) Sumerian
c.3500-3000 B.C.E. Mud brick
Period: 3500 BCE to 2340 BCE

Sumerian (Ancient Near Eastern)
Period: 3500 BCE to 2340 BCE

Sumerian (Ancient Near Eastern)
3300 BCE

Jade Cong (Global Prehistory)

Liangzhu, China
3300-2200 B.C.E. Carved jade
2920 BCE

Palette of Narmer (Ancient Egypt)

Palette of Narmer
Predynastic Egypt
c.3000-2920 B.C.E.
Greywacke
2700 BCE

Statues of votive figures (Ancient Near Eastern)

From the Square Temple at Eshnunna (modern Tell Asmar, Iraq)
Sumerian
c.2700 B.C.E.
Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone
Period: 2600 BCE to 2100 BCE

Old Kingdom Egypt
2500 BCE

Stonehenge (Global Prehistory)

Wiltshire, UK
c.2500-1600 B.C.E. Sandstone
2500 BCE

Seated scribe (Ancient Egyptian)

Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty
c.2620-2500 B.C.E.
Painted limestone
2490 BCE

Great Pyramids and the Great Sphinx (Ancient Egypt)

Giza, Egypt
Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty
c.2550-2490 B.C.E.
Cut limestone
2472 BCE

King Menkaura and queen (Ancient Egyptian)

Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty
c.2490-2472 B.C.E.
Greywacke
2400 BCE

Standard of Ur from the Royal Tombs at Ur (Ancient Near Eastern)

Modern Tell el-Muqayyar, Iraq
Sumerian
c.2600-2400 B.C.E.
Wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli, and red limestone
Period: 1792 BCE to 1750 BCE

Babylonian (Ancient Near Eastern)
1750 BCE

The Code of Hammurabi (Ancient Near Eastern)

Babylon (Modern Iran)
Susian
c.1792-1750 B.C.E.
Basalt
1600 BCE

Stonehenge (Global Prehistory)

Wiltshire, UK, Neolithic Europe
c.2500-1600 B.C.E. Sandstone
1550 BCE

Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall (Ancient Egyptian)

New Kingdom, 18th & 19th Dynasties
Karnak, near Luxor, Egypt
Temple: c.1550 B.C.E.
Hall: c.1250 B.C.E.
Cut sandstone and mud brick
Period: 1550 BCE to 1050 BCE

New Kingdom Egypt
1500 BCE

Ambum Stone (Global Prehistory)

Enga Province, Papua New Guinea
1500 B.C.E Greywacke
1458 BCE

Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut And kneeling sculpture (Ancient Egyptian)

New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty
Near Luxor, Egypt
c.1473-1458 B.C.E.
Sandstone, partially covered into a rock cliff, and red granite
Period: 1358 BCE to 1320 BCE

Amarna Period Egypt
1335 BCE

Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters (Ancient Egyptian)

New Kingdom (Amarna), 18th Dynasty
c.1353-1335 B.C.E.
Limestone
1323 BCE

Tutankhamun’s tomb, innermost coffin (Ancient Egyptian)

New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty
c.1323 B.C.E.
Gold with inlay of enamel and semiprecious stones
1275 BCE

Last judgment of Hu-Nefer, from his tomb (Ancient Egyptian)

New Kingdom, 19th Dynasty
c.1275 B.C.E.
Painted papyrus scroll
1200 BCE

Tlatilco female figurine (Global Prehistory)

Central Mexico
1200 - 900 B.C.E. Ceramic
1000 BCE

Terra cotta fragment (Global Prehistory)

Solomon Islands, Reef Islands
1000 B.C.E. Terra cotta
Period: 900 BCE to 700 BCE

Geometric Greek

900 - 700 B.C.E.
Small scale bronzes
Figures restricted to registers
Period: 883 BCE to 612 BCE

Assyrian (Ancient Near Eastern)
Period: 800 BCE to 470 BCE

Etruscan Period
705 BCE

Lamassu from the citadel of Sargon II (Ancient Near Eastern)

Dur Sharrukin (modern Khorsabad, Iraq)
Neo-Assyrian c.720-705 B.C.E.
Alabaster
Period: 700 BCE to 600 BCE

Orientalizing Greek

700-600 B.C.E.
Result of exposure to Egypt and the Near East
Exotic imagery and composite creatures
Figures begin to break out of registers
600 BCE

Athenian Agora (Ancient Greek)

Archaic through Hellenistic Greek
600 B.C.E. - 150 C.E.
Plan
Period: 600 BCE to 480 BCE

Archaic Greek

600 - 480 B.C.E.
Sculptures include kouros and kore figures
Characterized by the “Archaic Smile”
Stylized, geometric hair
Rigid, grid format similar to the Egyptian canon of proportions
Pottery includes black and red figured vase painting
Persian Wars 500-480 B.C.E.
Athenians defeat the Persians at Battle of Marathon, 490 B.C.E.
Persian army burns the Acropolis, 480 B.C.E.
Period: 559 BCE to 331 BCE

Persian (Ancient Near Eastern)
530 BCE

Peplos Kore from the Acropolis (Ancient Greek)

Archaic Greek
c.530 B.C.E.
Marble, painted details
530 BCE

Anavysos Kouros (Ancient Greek)

Archaic Greek
c.530 B.C.E.
Marble with remnants of paint
520 BCE

Sarcophagus of the Spouses (Etruscan)

Etruscan. c.520 B.C.E.
Terracotta
Period: 509 BCE to 27 BCE

Republican Roman Period

Copied Classical Greek
Subjects: mythology, gods, battles, emperors
Architecture:
Concrete
Engaged columns
Arch
Temples - enter from one side
Sculpture: verism busts, bronze, lost wax casting
Wall Painting - 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th Style
Painted frame on wall
Illusionism
Atmospheric perspective
Representation of the natural world
500 BCE

Temple of Minerva (Veii, near Rome, Italy) (Etruscan)

Etruscan. c.510-500 B.C.E.
Original temple of wood, mud brick, or tufa (volcanic rock)
Period: 480 BCE to 450 BCE

Severe (Early Classical) Greek

480 - 450 B.C.E.
Bridges change in sculpture from relatively stiff Archaic figure to the more realistically active Classical figure
Large freestanding sculptures with figures shown in movement.
Contrapposto shown for the first time (weight shift)
470 BCE

Tomb of the Triclinium (Etruscan)

Tarquinia, Italy. Etruscan.
c.480-470 B.C.E. Tufa and fresco
465 BCE

Audience Hall (apadana) of Darius and Xerxes (Ancient Near Eastern)

Persepolis, Iran
Persian
c.520-465 B.C.E.
Limestone
460 BCE

Niobides Krater (Ancient Greek)

Anonymous vase painter of Classical Greece known as the Niobid Painter.
c.460-450 B.C.E.
Clay, red figure technique
450 BCE

Doryphoros (Spear bearer) (Ancient Greek)

Polykleitos
Original 450-440 B.C.E.
Roman copy (marble) of the Greek original (bronze)
Period: 450 BCE to 400 BCE

Classical Greek

450 - 400 B.C.E.
The Golden Age of Greece
Socrates, philosopher, 469 - 399 B.C.E.
Administration of Pericles, 461 - 431 B.C.E.
The Peloponnesian War, 431 - 404 B.C.E.
Plato, philosopher, 420 - 347 B.C.E.
Athens falls to Sparta, 404 B.C.E.
“High point” of Greek art and architecture. Figures are idealized, with expressionless faces.
Proportion and symmetry are emphasized
447 BCE

Parthenon (Ancient Greek)

Iktinos and Kallikrates
c.447-410 B.C.E.
Marble
447 BCE

Acropolis (Ancient Greek)

Iktinos and Kallikrates
c.447-410 B.C.E.
Marble
427 BCE

Temple of Athena Nike (Ancient Greek)

Kallikrates
c.427-424 B.C.E.
Marble
427 BCE

Victory (Nike) adjusting her sandal (Ancient Greek)

Temple of Athena Nike (Acropolis)
c.427-424 B.C.E.
Marble
410 BCE

Grave Stele of Hegeso (Ancient Greek)

Attributed to Kallimachos
c.410 B.C.E.
Marble and paint
400 BCE

Plaque of the Ergastines (Ancient Greek)

Parthenon (Phidias)
5th Century B.C.E.
Marble
400 BCE

Helios, Horses, and Dionysus (Ancient Greek)

East Pediment Sculpture, Parthenon (Phidias?)
5th Century B.C.E.
Marble
Period: 400 BCE to 320 BCE

Late Classical Greek

4th Century (Late Classical)
400 - 320 B.C.E.
Alexander the Great becomes king of Macedonia, 336 B.C.E.
Alexander defeats Persian king Darius III at the Battle of Issus, 333 B.C.E.
Greeks burn Persian capital in revenge for destruction of the Acropolis, 330 B.C.E.
Alexander dies in Babylon, 323 B.C.E.
Sculptors attempt more difficult, unique poses for their figures
Period: 320 BCE to 30 BCE

Hellenistic Greek

320 - 30 B.C.E.
Macedonia becomes a Roman province, 146 B.C.E.
Ends with the fall of Egypt, last fortification of Hellenistic rule to Romans in 31 - 30 B.C.E.
Period initiated by the conquests of Alexander the Great.
Art of this period encompasses extremes, from works that are naturalistic to other pieces that are overly idealized with an emphasis on drama, violence and emotionalism.
300 BCE

Great Stupa at Sanchi (Buddhist)

Madhya Pradesh, India
Buddhist; Maurya, late Sunga Dynasty
c. 300 B.C.E.-100 C.E. Stone masonry, sandstone on dome
221 BCE

Terra cotta warriors from mausoleum of the first Qin emperor of China (Chinese)

Qin Dynasty.
c. 221-209 B.C.E.
Painted terra cotta
190 BCE

Winged Victory of Samothrace (Ancient Greek)

Hellenistic Greek
c.190 B.C.E.
Marble
180 BCE

Funeral banner of Lady Dai (Xin Zhui) (Chinese)

Han Dynasty, China
c. 180 B.C.E.
Painted silk
175 BCE

Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon (Ancient Greek)

Asia Minor (present-day Turkey). Hellenistic Greek.
c.175 B.C.E.
Marble
175 BCE

Frieze of Athena from the Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon (Ancient Greek)

Asia Minor (present-day Turkey). Hellenistic Greek.
c.175 B.C.E.
Marble
100 BCE

Seated Boxer (Ancient Greek)

Hellenistic Greek
C.100 B.C.E.
Bronze
100 BCE

Alexander mosaic from the House of Faun, Pompeii (Roman)

Republican Roman c.100 B.C.E.
Mosaic
100 BCE

House of the Vettii (Roman)

Pompeii, Italy
Imperial Roman
c. 2nd Century B.C.E.
Cut stone and fresco
75 BCE

Head of a Roman patrician (Roman)

Republican Roman
c.75-50 B.C.E.
Marble
Period: 27 BCE to 200

Imperial Roman Period

Same as the Republican Period with some additions
Architecture:
Technologically advanced, designs conservative (Colosseum, triumphal arches, aqueducts)
Combination of Doric, Ionic and Corinthian orders
Rusticated masonry
Basilica plans (aisles, nave, apse) - Pantheon
Clerestory windows
Arch, barrel vault, dome
Architecture that breaks the rules combined with Greek style
Concrete is still extremely important
70

Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater) (Roman)

Rome, Italy. Imperial Roman.
70-80 C.E.Stone and concrete.
100

Augustus of Prima Porta (Roman)

Imperial Roman
Early 1st Century C.E.
Marble
100

Petra, Jordan: Treasury and Great Temple (Roman)

Nabataean Ptolemaic and Roman
c. 400 B.C.E - 100 C.E.
Cut rock
106

Forum of Trajan (Roman)

Rome, Italy. Apollodorus of Damascus. Forum and markets.
c.106-112 C.E.
Brick and concrete.
113

Column of Trajan (Roman)

Completed 113 C.E.
Marble
118

Pantheon (Roman)

Imperial Roman. 118-125 C.E.
Concrete with stone facing.
Period: 193 to 237

Late Imperial Roman

Age of confidence is replaced by a time of troubles
Civil unrest
Military defeats
Economy in decline
Pivotal time - pagan ancient world transformed into Christian Middle Ages
250

Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus (Roman)

Late Imperial Roman. c.250 C.E.
Marble.
400

Buddha (Buddhist)

Bamiyan, Afghanistan
Gandharan
c. 400-800 C.E.
(destroyed in 2001)
Cut rock with plaster and polychrome paint
400

Gold and jade crown (Korean)

Three Kingdoms Period
Silla Kingdom, Korea
Fifth to sixth century C.E.
Metalwork
493

Longmen caves (Buddhist)

Luoyang, China. Tang Dynasty.
493-1127 C.E.
Limestone
631

The Kaaba (Islamic)

Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Islamic. Pre-Islamic monument
Rededicated by Muhammad in 631-632 C.E. Multiple renovations
Granite masonry, covered with silk curtain and calligraphy in gold and silver-wrapped thread
641

Jowo Rinpoche, enshrined in the Jokhang Temple (Buddhist)

Lhasa, Tibet. Yarlung Dynasty.
Believed to have been brought to Tibet in 641 C.E.
Gilt metals with semiprecious stones, pearls, and paint; various offerings
691

Dome of the Rock (Islamic)

Jerusalem. Islamic. Umayyad.
691-692 C.E., with multiple renovations
Stone masonry and wooden roof decorated with glazed ceramic tile, mosaics, and gilt aluminum and bronze dome.
700

Folio from a Qur’an (Islamic)

Arab, North Africa or Near East
Abbasid. c. eighth to ninth century C.E.
Ink, color, and gold on parchment
700

Great Mosque (Masjid-e Jameh) (Islamic)

Isfahan, Iran. Islamic, Persian: Seljuk, Il-Khanid, Timurid and Safavid Dynasties
c. 700 C.E.; additions and restorations in the 14th, 18th & 20th centuries C.E.
Stone, brick, wood, plaster, and glazed ceramic tile
700

Nan Madol (Pacific)

Pohnpei, Micronesia
Saudeleur Dynasty
c. 700-1600 C.E.
Basalt boulders and prismatic columns
743

Todai-ji (Japanese)

Nara, Japan
743 C.E.; rebuilt c. 1700
Wood with ceramic-tile roofing
750

Borobudur Temple (Buddhist)

Central Java, Indonesia
Sailendra Dynasty
c. 750-842 C.E.
Volcanic-stone masonry
753

Great Buddha (Daibutsu) from Todai-ji (Japanese)

Bronze
Located in the Great Buddha Hall (Daibutsuden)
Represent Vairocana Buddha
53 feet tall
Completed in 749 and dedicated in 753 C.E.
Almost bankrupted Nara
Severely damaged & repaired several times
785

Great Mosque (Islamic)

Córdoba, Spain. Umayyad
c. 785-786 C.E.
Stone masonry
800

Churning of the Ocean of Milk (Hindu)

Angkor Wat
Hindu, Angkor Dynasty
c. 800-1400 C.E.
Sandstone
800

Angkor, the temple of Angkor Wat, and the city of Angkor Thom, Cambodia (Hindu)

Hindu, Angkor Dynasty
c. 800-1400 C.E. Stone masonry, sandstone
800

Jayavarman VII as Buddha (Hindu)

Angkor Thom
Hindu, Angkor Dynasty
c. 800-1400 C.E. Stone masonry, sandstone
930

Lakshmana Temple (Hindu)

Khajuraho, India. Hindu, Chandella Dynasty
c. 930-950 C.E. Sandstone
968

Pyxis of al-Mughira (Islamic)

Umayyad
c. 968 C.E.
Ivory
1000

Shiva as Lord of Dance (Nataraja) (Hindu)

Hindu
India (Tamil Nadu) Chola Dynasty
c. 11th century C.E.
Cast bronze
1000

Conical tower and circular wall of Great Zimbabwe (African)

Southeastern Zimbabwe
Shona peoples
c. 1000-1400 C.E.
Coursed granite blocks
1000

Travelers among Mountains and Streams (Chinese)

Fan Kuan (artist)
c. 1000 C.E.
Ink and colors on silk
1100

Moai on platform (ahu) (Pacific)

Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
c. 1100-1600 C.E.
Volcanic tuff figures on basalt base
1200

Great Mosque of Djenné (Islamic)

Mali
Founded c. 1200 C.E.; rebuilt 1906-1907
Adobe
1200

Nio guardian statues (Japanese)

from Todai-ji
Various artists including sculptors Unkei and Keikei, as well as the Kei School
c. 1200 C.E.
Wood
1250

Night Attack on the Sanjô Palace (Japanese)

Kamakura Period, Japan
c. 1250-1300 C.E.
Handscroll (ink and color on paper)
1320

Basin (Baptistère de St. Louis) (Islamic)

Muhammad ibn al-Zain
c. 1320-1340 C.E.
Brass inlaid with gold and silver
1330

Bahram Gur Fights the Karg, folio from the Great Il-Khanid Shahnama (Islamic)

Islamic
Persian, Il-Khanid
c. 1330-1340 C.E.
Ink and opaque watercolor, gold, and silver on paper
1351

The David Vases (Chinese)

Yuan Dynasty, China
1351 C.E.
White porcelain with cobalt-blue underglaze
1354

Alhambra (Islamic)

Granada, Spain. Nasrid Dynasty
1354-1391 C.E.
Whitewashed adobe stucco, wood, tile, paint, and gilding
1400

Forbidden City (Chinese)

Beijing, China. Ming Dynasty.
15th century C.E. and later
Stone masonry, marble, brick, wood, and ceramic tile
1400

Portrait of Sin Sukju (1417-1475) (Korean)

Imperial Bureau of Painting
c. 15th century C.E.
Hanging scroll (ink and color on silk)
1427

Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece)

Workshop of Robert Campin
1427-1432 C.E. Oil on wood
1429

Pazzi Chapel

Pazzi Chapel
Basilica di Santa Croce
Florence, Italy
Filippo Brunelleschi (architect)
c. 1429-1461 C.E.
Masonry
1434

The Arnolfini Portrait

Jan van Eyck
c. 1434 C.E.
Oil on wood
1440

David

David
Donatello
c. 1440-1460 C.E.
Bronze
1450

Palazzo Rucellai

Palazzo Rucellai
Florence, Italy
Leon Battista Alberti (architect)
c. 1450 C.E.
Stone, masonry
1465

Madonna and Child with Two Angels

Madonna and Child with Two Angels
Fra Filippo Lippi
c. 1465 C.E.
Tempera on wood
1480

Ryoan-ji (Japanese)

Kyoto, Japan
Muromachi Period, Japan
c. 1480 C.E.; current design most likely dates to the 18th century
Rock garden
1484

Birth of Venus

Birth of Venus
Sandro Botticelli
c. 1484-1486 C.E. Tempera on canvas
1494

Last Supper

Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci
c. 1494-1498 C.E. Oil and tempera
1500

Wall plaque, from Oba’s palace (African)

Edo peoples, Benin (Nigeria)
16th century C.E.
Cast brass
1504

Adam and Eve

Albrecht Dürer
1504 C.E.
Engraving
1508

The Flood (The Deluge)

The Flood (The Deluge)
Sistine Chapel Michelangelo
c. 1508-1512 C.E. Fresco
1508

Sistine Chapel ceiling

Sistine Chapel ceiling
Vatican City, Italy
Michelangelo
Ceiling frescoes: c. 1508-1512 C.E.
Altar frescoes: c. 1536-1541 C.E.
Fresco
1508

The Delphic Sibyl

The Delphic Sibyl
Sistine Chapel
Michelangelo
c. 1508-1512 C.E.

Fresco
1509

School of Athens

School of Athens
Raphael
c. 1509-1511 C.E. Fresco
1512

Isenheim altarpiece

Matthias Grünewald
c. 1512-1516 C.E.
Oil on wood
1522

The Court of Gayumars, folio from Shah Tahmasp’s Shahnama (Islamic)

Sultan Muhammad
c. 1522-1525 C.E.
Ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper
1525

Entombment of Christ

Entombment of Christ
Jacopo da Pontormo
1525-1528 C.E.
Oil on wood
1530

Allegory of Law and Grace

Lucas Cranach the Elder
c. 1530 C.E.
Woodcut and letterpress
1536

The Last Judgment

The Last Judgment
Michelangelo
Sistine Chapel, 1536-1541 C.E.
Fresco
1538

Venus of Urbino

Venus of Urbino
Titian
c. 1538 C.E. Oil on canvas
1539

The Ardabil Carpet (Islamic)

Maqsud of Kashan
1539-1540 C.E.
Silk and wool
1541

Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza

Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza
Viceroyalty of New Spain
c. 1541-1542 C.E.
Ink and color on paper
1565

Hunters in the Snow

Hunters in the Snow
Pieter Bruegel the Elder
1565 C.E. Oil on wood
1568

Mosque of Selim II (Islamic)

Edirne, Turkey
Sinan (architect)
1568-1575 C.E.
Brick and stone
1568

Il Gesù

Il Gesù, Rome, Italy; Giacomo da Vignola (architect); Giacomo della Porta, facade (architect); Church: 16th Century C.E.; Facade: 1568-1584 C.E.
Brick, marble, stucco
1597

Calling of Saint Matthew

Calling of Saint Matthew
Caravaggio
c. 1597-1601 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1620

Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaikh to Kings (Islamic)

Bichitr (artist)
c. 1620 C.E.
Watercolor, gold, and ink on paper
1621

Henry IV Receives the Portrait of Marie de’ Medici, from the Marie de’ Medici Cycle

Henry IV Receives the Portrait of Marie de’ Medici, from the Marie de’ Medici Cycle
Peter Paul Rubens
1621-1625 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1632

Taj Mahal (Islamic)

Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
Masons, marble workers, mosaicists, and decorators working under the supervision of Ustad Ahmad Lahori, architect of the emperor. 1632-1653 C.E.
Stone masonry and marble with inlay of precious and semiprecious stones; gardens
1636

Self-Portrait with Saskia

Self-Portrait with Saskia
Rembrandt van Rijn
1636 C.E.
Etching
1638

San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane

San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane
Rome, Italy
Francesco Borromini (architect)
1638-1646 C.E.
Stone and stucco
1647

Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria

Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria
Rome, Italy
c. 1647-1652 C.E.
Stucco
1647

Ecstasy of Saint Teresa

Ecstasy of Saint Teresa
Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria
Gian Lorenzo Bernini
c. 1647-1652 C.E.
Marble
1647

Cornaro Chapel

Cornaro Chapel
Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria
Gian Lorenzo Bernini
c. 1647-1652 C.E.
Gilt bronze
1650

Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei16

Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei
Master of Calamarca (La Paz School)
c. 17th Century C.E.
Oil on canvas
1656

Las Meninas

Las Meninas
Diego Velázquez
c. 1656 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1664

Woman Holding a Balance

Woman Holding a Balance
Johannes Vermeer
c. 1664 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1669

The Palace at Versailles

The Palace at Versailles
Versailles, France
Louis Le Vau & Jules Hardouin-Mansart (architects)
Begun 1669 C.E.
Masonry, stone, wood, iron, and gold leaf (architecture)
Marble and bronze (sculpture)
1676

Triumph of the Name of Jesus

Triumph of the Name of Jesus
Il Gesù
Giovanni Battista Gaulli
Ceiling fresco and stucco figures
c. 1676-1679 C.E.
Fresco and stucco
1697

Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and hunting scene

Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and hunting scene
Circle of the González Family c. 1697-1701 C.E.
Tempera and resin on wood, shell inlay
1698

The Virgin of Guadalupe (Virgen de Guadalupe)

The Virgin of Guadalupe
(Virgen de Guadalupe)
Miguel González
c. 1698 C.E.
Based on original Virgin of Guadalupe Basilica of Guadalupe, Mexico City
16th Century C.E.
Oil on canvas on wood, inlaid with mother-of-pearl
1700

Sika dwa kofi (Golden Stool) (African)

Ashanti peoples (south central Ghana)
c. 1700 C.E.
Gold over wood and cast-gold attachments
1700

‘Ahu ‘ula (feather cape) (Pacific)

Hawaiian
Late 18th century C.E.
Feathers and fiber
1700

Staff god (Pacific)

Rarotonga, Cook Islands, central Polynesia
Late 18th to early 19th century C.E.
Wood, tapa, fiber, and feathers
1700

Female deity (Pacific)

Nukuoro, Micronesia
c. 18th to 19th century C.E.
Wood
1710

White and Red Plum Blossoms (Japanese)

Ogata Korin (artist). Edo period
c. 1710-1716 C.E.
Ink, watercolor, and gold leaf on paper
1711

Fruit and Insects

Fruit and Insects
Rachel Ruysch

1711 C.E. Oil on wood
1715

Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo

Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo
Attributed to Juan Rodríguez Juárez c. 1715 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1743

The Tête a Tête, from Marriage à la Mode

The Tête a Tête, from Marriage à la Mode
William Hogarth
c. 1743 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1750

Portrait of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz

Portrait of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
Miguel Cabrera
c. 1750 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1760

Ndop (portrait figure) of King Mishe miShyaang maMbul (African)

Kuba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
c. 1760-1780 C.E.
Wood
1763

A Philosopher Giving a Lecture on the Orrery

A Philosopher Giving a Lecture on the Orrery
Joseph Wright of Derby
c. 1763-1765 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1767

The Swing

The Swing
Jean-Honoré Fragonard
1767 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1768

Monticello

Monticello
Virginia, U.S.
Thomas Jefferson (architect), 1768-1809 C.E.
Brick, glass, stone and wood
1784

The Oath of the Horatii

The Oath of the Horatii
Jacques-Louis David
1784 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1788

George Washington

George Washington
Jean-Antoine Houdon
1788-1792 C.E.
Marble
1790

Self-Portrait

Self-Portrait
Elisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun
1790 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1800

Navigation chart (Pacific)

Marshall Islands, Micronesia
19th to early 20th century C.E.
Wood and fiber
1800

Bundu mask (African)

Sande Society, Mende peoples (West African forests of Sierra Leone and Liberia)
19th to 20th century C.E.
Wood, cloth, and fiber
1800

Aka elephant mask (African)

Bamileke (Cameroon, western grassfields region)
c. 19th to 20th century C.E.
Wood, woven raffia, cloth, and beads
1800

Buk (mask) (Pacific)

Mid to late 19th Century
Torres Strait (islander People)
Maubiag Island
25 in
Turtle shell, wood, fiber, feathers, and shell
1800

Female (Pwo) mask (African)

Female (Pwo) mask
Chokwe peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
Late 19th to 20th century C.E.
Wood, fiber, pigment, and metal
1800

Power figure (Nkisi n’kondi) (African)

Kongo peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
c. late 19th century C.E.
1066 - 1067 CE
Wood and metal
1800

Reliquary figure (byeri) (African)

Fang peoples (southern Cameroon)
c. 19th to 20th century C.E.
Wood
1800

Lukasa (memory board) (African)

Mbudye Society, Luba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
c. 19th to 20th century C.E.
Wood, beads, and metal
1800

Ikenga (shrine figure) (African)

Igbo peoples (Nigeria)
c. 19th to 20th century C.E.
Wood
1814

La Grande Odalisque

La Grande Odalisque
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
1814 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1830

Under the Wave off Kanagawa (Kanagawa oki nami ura), also known as the Great Wave, from the series Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji (Japanese)

Katsushika Hokusai (artist)
1830-1833 C.E.
Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper
1830

Liberty Leading the People

Liberty Leading the People
Eugène Delacroix
1830 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1836

The Oxbow (View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm)

The Oxbow
(View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm)
Thomas Cole
1836 C.E. Oil on canvas
1837

Still Life in Studio

Still Life in Studio
Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre
1837 C.E.
Daguerreotype
1840

Palace of Westminster (House of Parliament)

Palace of Westminster (House of Parliament)
London, England. Charles Barry and Augustus W.N. Pugin (architects)
1840-1870 C.E.
Limestone masonry and glass
1840

Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On)

Slave Ship
(Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On)
Joseph Mallord William Turner
1840 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1849

The Stone Breakers

The Stone Breakers
Gustave Courbet
1849 C.E. (destroyed in 1945)
Oil on canvas
1850

Hiapo (tapa) (Pacific)

Niue
c. 1850-1900 C.E.
Tapa or bark cloth, freehand painting
1862

Nadar Raising Photography to the Height of Art

Nadar Raising Photography to the Height of Art
Honoré Daumier
1862 C.E.
Lithograph
1863

Y no hai remedio (And There’s Nothing to be Done), from Los Desastres de la Guerra (The Disasters of War), plate 15

Y no hai remedio (And There’s Nothing to be Done), from Los Desastres de la Guerra (The Disasters of War), plate 15
Francisco de Goya
1810-1823 C.E. (published 1863)
Etching, drypoint, burin, and burnishing
1863

Olympia

Olympia
Édouard Manet
1863 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1878

The Horse in Motion

The Horse in Motion
Eadweard Muybridge
1878 C.E.
Albumen print
1882

The Valley of Mexico from the Hillside of Santa Isabel (El Valle de México desde el Cerro de Santa Isabel)

The Valley of Mexico from the Hillside of Santa Isabel
(El Valle de México desde el Cerro de Santa Isabel)
Jose María Velasco 1882 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1884

The Burghers of Calais

The Burghers of Calais
Auguste Rodin
1884-1895 C.E.
Bronze
1890

Tamati Waka Nene (Pacific)

Gottfried Lindauer
Maori (Nga-ti-toa tribe)
Auckland National Art Gallery
1890 C.E.
Oil on canvas
1900

Portrait mask (Mblo) (African)

Baule peoples (Côte d’Ivoire)
Early 20th century C.E.
Wood and pigment
1900

Malagan display and mask (Pacific)

New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea
c. 20th century C.E.
Wood, pigment, fiber, and shell
1907

The Steerage

The Steerage
Alfred Stieglitz
1907 C.E.
Photogravure
1910

Veranda post of enthroned king and senior wife (Opo Ogoga) (African)

Olowe of Ise (artist) (Yoruba peoples)
c. 1910-1914 C.E.
Wood and pigment
1953

Presentation of Fijian mats and tapa cloths to Queen Elizabeth II (Pacific)

Fiji, Polynesia. 1953 C.E.
Multimedia performance (costume; cosmetics, including scent; chant; movement; and pandanus fiber/hibiscus fiber mats), photographic documentation
1969

Chairman Mao en Route to Anyuan

Chairman Mao en Route to Anyuan
Artist unknown
Based on an oil painting by Liu Chunhua
c. 1969 C.E.
Color lithograph