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During 5000 BC, the Sumer formed the first cities, they used irrigation to farm large areas.
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4000 BC - The Sumer established powerful cities, they started building large ziggurats at the center of their cities as temples to their gods.
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3500 BC - Much of lower Mesopotamia is inhabited by numerous Sumer city-states such as Ur, Uruk, Eridu, Kish, Lagash, and Nippur.
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3300 BC - The Sumerians invent the first writing. They use pictures for words and inscribe them on clay tablets.
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3200 BC - The Sumerians begin to use the wheel on vehicles.
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3000 BC - The Sumerians start to implement mathematics using a number system with the base 60.
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2700 BC - The famous Sumerian King Gilgamesh rules the city-state of Ur.
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2400 BC - The Sumerian language is replaced by the Akkadian language as the primary spoken language in Mesopotamia.
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2330 BC - Sargon I of the Akkadians conquers most of the Sumerian city states and creates the world's first empire, the Akkadian Empire.
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2250 BC - King Naram-Sin of the Akkadians expands the empire to its largest state. He will rule for 50 years.
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2100 BC - After the Akkadian Empire crumbles, the Sumerians once again gain power. The city of Ur is rebuilt.
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2000 BC - The Elamites capture Ur.
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Blessings and Songs, such as The Song of Miriam.
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The Torah- the J source; Ruth; Job; First Isaiah; some minor prophets; first version of the history books of Deuteronomy.
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Ancient Greek Culture
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Second Isaiah; Jeremiah; Ezekiel; Deuteronomy is expanded; Psalms.
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The rest of the Torah; Third Isaiah; later prophets; Chronicles re-writes story of David to make it sound nicer.