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It is a mystery. There are a lots of theories, one is that they need to move because a natural desaster, probably, a very bid flood or a severe tectonic event, causing the river change course. Another posibility is that the people of Mohenjo Daro and Harappa were conquered and driven out of the area by another grouop of people, posibly the Aryans. Probably happened between 1900 BCE or 1500
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The Aryans migrated from the Indus River to Ganges River theough the Khyber Pass. By this they conquered the Gangetic Plain.
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Buddhism developed from the teachings spread by its founder Siddhartha Gautama.Buddhism is considered a non-theistic religion, the Brahmajala-sutra Buddhist sutra is one of the texts that seems to establish explicitly the non-existence of a creator, absolute and permanent deity. Also lots of wars and battles were prevented because people started to take the pacific behavior from this religion.
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Maurya Empire was geographically extensive Iron Age historical power founded by Chandragupta Maurya which dominated ancient India between 322 and 187 BCE.
The main leaders were Chandragupta Maurya and Chanakya. But the next leaders were strong too.They falled because they had very weak leaders, their provodences and colonies got independent, they were so vast communication was very dificult, lackness of military because of the extense territorie, and they were finally invaded by the Greeks -
The grandson of Chandragupta, the first emperor of Mauryan Empire. About 265 B.C. Ashoka's army marched into the kingdom of Kalinga on the empire's southern border. There the Maurya forces defeated the Kalingans. Ashoka recorded that "150,000 people were deported,100,000 were killed, and many times that number died." After the attack to the Kalingas, turned Ashoka against violence, and he start to following teachings of Buddha, and his change led many of his people to adopt peaceful actions.
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The Gupta Empire stretched across northern, central and parts of southern India between c. 320 and 550 CE. The period is noted for its achievements in the arts, architecture, sciences, religion, and philosophy. That is why it was called the golden age. It happened between 320 and 550 Ce