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Period: 3407 BCE to 3346 BCE
King Menes' Rule
-United Upper and Lower Egypt
-consolidated power
-founded Memphis Key People -
Period: 3300 BCE to 2960 BCE
Predynastic
The predynastic period represents the period between the Neolithic and the beginning of the Pharaonic monarchy starting with King Narmer. -
Period: 3200 BCE to 2100 BCE
Early Minoan Era
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Period: 3000 BCE to 2000 BCE
Early Helladic Age
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Period: 2960 BCE to 2649 BCE
Early Dynastic
The early dynastic period involves the first and second dynasties and follows the unification of upper and lower Egypt. In this period, the capital moved to Memphis and the king became known as a god. -
Period: 2649 BCE to 2150 BCE
Old Kingdom
The Old Kingdom spanned from the third to sixth dynasties. The Old Kingdom is characterized by a strong central government and the building of the pyramids- the Pyramid of Djoser and the Pyramids of Giza. Art also flourished during this period. Trade became far more common in this period with European civilizations and shipbuilding was developed. -
Period: 2589 BCE to 2566 BCE
Khufu's Reign
-built the Great Pyramids of Giza
-time of reign disputed
-little information available
-written about negatively Key people -
Period: 2100 BCE to 1700 BCE
Middle Minoan Era
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Period: 2000 BCE to 1680 BCE
Middle Helladic Age
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Period: 1991 BCE to 1770 BCE
Middle Kingdom
During the Middle Kingdom, Egypt's economic and political boundaries were expanded. This time period included the eleventh to thirteenth dynasties. The capital was also moved from Memphis to Thebes. The middle kingdom was a period of peace until the invasion of the Hyskos. The Egyptians were conquered in large part due to the fact that they had inferior technology to the Hyskos. After about 150 years, the Egyptians drove the Hyskos out of Egypt. -
1900 BCE
Palace of Knossos Built (artifact 6)
Art/architecture *Date is an approximation. -
1700 BCE
Palace of Knossos destroyed
Likely destroyed by a large earthquake or foreign invaders. Art/architecture *Date is an approximation. -
Period: 1700 BCE to 1100 BCE
Late Minoan Era
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Period: 1680 BCE to 1060 BCE
Mycenaean Age
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Period: 1550 BCE to 1070 BCE
New Kingdom
The New Kingdom was the golden age of Egypt, building upon Egypt's existing empire and producing art. This is the era in which Egypt became an empire and which included many of Egypt's greatest pharoahs. This is also the time period in which the priests of Amun began to gain more power. -
Period: 1525 BCE to 1450 BCE
Ladies in Blue fresco
*Date is an approximation Art/architecture -
Period: 1479 BCE to 1457 BCE
Hatshepsut's Reign
-one of the first powerful female leaders
-only queen to have ruled in Egypt in her own right for a significant period of time
-her reign was a period of peace, stability, and prosperity
-expanded trade
-embarked on ambitious building program -> Obelisks at Greak Temple of Karnak
-step-son (successor) destroyed images that depicted her as a king but left those of her as queen Key people -
Period: 1479 BCE to 1425 BCE
Thutmose's Reign
-"Napoleon of Egypt" due to many military campaigns
-generated tremendous wealth through conquests
-burst of building activity due to prosperity during his reign Key people -
1449 BCE
Bull-leaping fresco (artifact 4)
Restored fresco found in the palace of Knossos
Art/architecture
*Date is an approximation -
Period: 1375 BCE to 1350 BCE
Terracotta Chariot Krater (Artifact 1)
From the late Helladic period, Mycenaean Art/architecture *Date is an approximation. -
Period: 1353 BCE to 1336 BCE
Akhenaton
-attempted to reform Egyptian religion
-opposed worship of Amon-Re, worshipped Aton
-built new capital city (Akhetaton) for new god
-closed temples of other gods and posessions confiscated
-sometimes called the first monotheist
-poorly governed due to preoccupation with reforming religion -> began Egypt's decline Key people -
Period: 1332 BCE to 1323 BCE
Tutankhamun's Reign
-reversed Akhenaton's religious reforms -> restored Egypt to its traditional religion
-moved capital city back to Thebes
-died unexpectedly at 18, had to be buried in a tomb meant for a member of the nobility -> allowed tomb to lay undisturbed until 1922 Key people -
Period: 1279 BCE to 1213 BCE
Ramses' 2 Reign
-ruled during Egypt's twilight years
-constructed more buildings and colossal statues than any other Egyptian king
-temples at Abu Simbel
-skilled military leader -> expanded Egyptian empire
-rule represented a period of prosperity Key people -
Period: 1200 BCE to 1101 BCE
Warrior Vase (Artifact 3)
Late Helladic period, depicts a group of warriors armed with boar tusk helmets, shields and spears. Art/architecture, politics/military *Date is an approximation. -
Period: 1060 BCE to 1025 BCE
Sub-Mycenaean Age
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Period: 800 BCE to 701 BCE
Iliad Written
The Iliad contains many important Greek myths, including that of Icarus and Dedalos escaping from the Palace of Knossos and the story of the minotaur. Key people, religion *Date is an approximation -
Period: 688 BCE to 343 BCE
Late Dynastic
The Late Dynastic period was the last era in which Egyptian culture was largely unbroken. Though Egyptian culture was still prevalent, Egypt had passed its golden age and the culture was a shadow of what it had once been. This period can also be marked by two Persian conquests, between which there was a brief revival of Egyptian culture. -
Period: 332 BCE to 30 BCE
Ptolemaic Egypt
This period began with a follower of Alexander the Great and ended with Queen Cleopatra. The follower of Alexander was named Ptolemy 1 Soter (the man the period is named for), who declared himself pharaoh of Egypt in 305 BC. The Ptolemies established power in Egypt by referring to themselves as the previous pharaohs' successors and taking on Egyptian traditions. Eventually this dynasty was weakened by civil wars and rebellions before Egypt's annexation by Rome. -
1250
Lion Gate (Artifact 2)
Art/architecture
*Date is an approximation.
