Alexander the Great

By andoniadouN
  • 356 BCE

    Birth

    Birth
    Alexander III of Macedon was born in Pella in 356 BC
  • Period: 350 BCE to 340 BCE

    Tutoring

    During his youth, Alexander was tutored by Aristotle until age 16.
  • 336 BCE

    Succession

    Succession
    Alexander III of Macedon succeeded his father Philip II to the throne at the age of 20.
  • 335 BCE

    Balkan campaign

    Before crossing to Asia, Alexander wanted to safeguard his northern borders. In the spring of 335 BC, he advanced to suppress several revolts
  • 334 BCE

    Initating his invation

    Initating his invation
    Taking over the invasion project of Philip II, Alexander's army crossed the Hellespont in 334 BC with approximately 48,100 soldiers, 6,100 cavalry and a fleet of 120 ships with crews numbering 38,000, drawn from Macedon and various Greek city-states, mercenaries, and feudally raised soldiers from Thrace, Paionia, and Illyria.
  • 334 BCE

    Battle of the Granicus River

    Battle of the Granicus River
    The Battle of the Granicus River in May 334 BC was the first of three major battles fought between Alexander the Great and the Persian Empire. Fought in northwestern Asia Minor, near the site of Troy, it was here that Alexander defeated the forces of the Persian satraps of Asia Minor, including a large force of Greek mercenaries led by Memnon of Rhodes.
  • Period: 334 BCE to 323 BCE

    Conquest of the Persian Empire

  • 333 BCE

    Gordian Knot

    At the ancient Phrygian capital of Gordium, Alexander "undid" the hitherto unsolvable Gordian Knot, a feat said to await the future "king of Asia".[71] According to the story, Alexander proclaimed that it did not matter how the knot was undone and hacked it apart with his sword
  • 329 BCE

    Plots against Alexander' s life

    A plot against his life was revealed, and one of his officers, Philotas, was executed for failing to alert Alexander.
    Later, in the Central Asian campaign, a second plot against his life was revealed, this one instigated by his own royal pages. His official historian, Callisthenes of Olynthus, was implicated in the plot.
  • 327 BCE

    Indian campaign

    After Alexander's marriage to Roxana to cement relations with his new satrapies, Alexander turned to the Indian subcontinent. He invited the chieftains of the former satrapy of Gandhara to come to him and submit to his authority.
    In the winter of 327/326 BC, Alexander personally led a campaign against the Aspasioi of Kunar valleys,.A fierce contest ensued with the Aspasioi in which Alexander was wounded in the shoulder by a dart, but eventually the Aspasioi lost.
  • 326 BCE

    Revolt of the army

    East of Porus' kingdom, near the Ganges River, was the Nanda Empire of Magadha, and further east, the Gangaridai Empire of Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent. Fearing the prospect of facing other large armies and exhausted by years of campaigning, Alexander's army mutinied at the Hyphasis River (Beas), refusing to march farther east. This river thus marks the easternmost extent of Alexander's conquests.
  • 323 BCE

    Last years in Persia

    Discovering that many of his satraps and military governors had misbehaved in his absence, Alexander executed several of them as examples on his way to Susa. As a gesture of thanks, he paid off the debts of his soldiers, and announced that he would send over-aged and disabled veterans back to Macedon, led by Craterus.
    Alexander planned a series of new campaigns, beginning with an invasion of Arabia, but he would not have a chance to realize them, as he died shortly after Hephaestion.
  • 323 BCE

    Death

    On 10 or 11 June 323 BC,Alexander died in the palace of Nebuchadnezzar II,in Babylon, at age 32.There are two different versions:Plutarch's account is that 14 days before his death,Alexander spent the night and next day drinking with Medius of Larissa.He develhoped a fever and he was unable to speak.In the second account, Diodorus recounts that Alexander was struck with pain after downing a large bowl of unmixed wine in honour of Heracles, followed by11 days of weakness and died after some agony
  • 323 BCE

    Alexander' s succession

    Alexander's death was so sudden that when reports of his death reached Greece, they were not immediately believed.Alexander had no obvious or legitimate heir, his son Alexander IV by Roxane being born after Alexander's death.According to Diodorus,Alexander's companions asked him on his deathbed to whom he bequeathed his kingdom; his laconic reply was "tôi kratistôi" "to the strongest".