8a Alex ICT timeline.

A calculator is a device that is used to perform arithmetic calculations. Although modern calculators often incorporate a general purpose computer, they are designed to perform certain operations rather than to be flexible. , there are specialized graphing calculators in mathematical graphical fields such as trigonometry and statistics. the past, abacuses, comptometers, mathematical tables, calculation rules. The term "calculator" was used to refer to the person who performed this work,

During 1842–1843 Ada Lovelace translated the memoir of Italian mathematician Francis Maneclang about Charles Babbage's newest proposed machine, the analytical engine; she supplemented the memoir with notes that specified in detail a method for calculating Bernoulli numbers with the engine, recognized by some historians as the world's first computer program

Desktop virtualization is software technology that separates the desktop environment and associated application software from the physical client device that is used to access it.
Desktop virtualization can be used in conjunction with application virtualization and user profile management systems, now termed user virtualization to provide a comprehensive desktop environment management system. In this mode, all the components of the desktop are virtualized, which allows for a highly flexible

The computers, also called computer or computer, is a digital machine that reads and performs operations to convert them into convenient and useful data that is subsequently sent to the output units. A computer is physically formed by numerous integrated circuits and many support, extension and accessory components,
Two essential parts constitute it, the hardware which is its physical structure ( and the software that is its intangible part (programs, data, information, digital signals)

In 1946 the first computer was announced. It was called ENIAC, which stood for Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer. ENIAC took up a large room and required several people to operate. She operated with vacuum tubes and could output 5,000 addition problems in one second.The computer used 170,000 watts of power, weighed 28 tons, had 17,840 vacuum tubes, filled a large building and cost $487,000. (By today's standards, that is about ten million dollars!) It took several people to run her.

Vanguard proposal by Naval Research lab was picked for representing U.S during International Geophysical yr. The technical achievement of Sputnik was that it did not just grab world’s attention but America’s public off-guard too. The size of this satellite was of 3.5 pounds. Additionally, public feared Soviet’s ability to commence satellites also translated to capability for launching ballistic missiles that could be used to transfer missiles from Europe to U.S.

An analog computer or analog computer is a type of computer that uses electronic or mechanical devices to model the problem that is solved, using a type of representation of physical quantity to express the values that make up the result. For modeling, the existing analogy, in mathematical terms, of some situations that occur in different fields is used. For example, the one that exists between the oscillating movements in mechanics and the analysis of alternating currents in electricity

The mouse was invented in 1963 by Douglas Engelbart of the Research Institute of Stanford University. Engelbart received the patent (US3541541) of the invention on November 17, 1970. Meanwhile, Bill English, was the creator of the original mouse, which has a central ball in 1972, when working for Xerox PARC. Meanwhile, the optical mouse was invented in two different ways around 1980: Steve Kirsch invented a mouse that used an infrared LED while Richard F. Lyon a mouse that used visible light.

A desktop computer or desktop computer is a type of personal computer, designed and manufactured to be installed in a fixed location, such as a desk or table, unlike other similar computers, such as the laptop. The desktop computer, like any machine, is subject to defects and breakdowns. The incidence of a breakdown in a home user is usually reduced to a mere annoyance. In the business world, the impact of a breakdown is, at most, the loss of an employee's work time.

Digital tablets are a fashionable product. Tactile and manageable, these small computers are larger than smartphones or PDAs,
That the American engineer Alan Kay was the first to propose something very similar to a tablet in 1968. That idea was named Dynabook, a computer for children of all ages weighing less than 2 kilos and a graphic display capable of show at least 4 thousand characters with print quality.

Core War was not a computer virus, but rather a game that propagated one of the first software with malicious characteristics that affected the memory of computers and could auto-replicate itself. This game was developed by a group of programmers from the company Bell Computer, who in the 60s created a simple application that competed with the rest of the programs that were executed on a computer in order to obtain absolute control of memory. of the team.

The first portable LAPOTP considered as such was the Epson HX-20, developed in 1981, from which were observed the great benefits for the work of scientists, military, etc, who saw the advantage of being able to take with them their computer with all the information they needed. The Osborne 1 went on the commercial market with the format that currently distinguishes them, although they were then extremely limited, In 1991 Apple released its model of laptop, which became the standard

An operating system is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware and frequently makes system calls to an OS function Operating systems are found many devices that contain a computer

The first antivirus was the Reaper popularly known as "mower", launched in 1972. It was created to search and eliminate the Creeper network virus. Reaper is not an antivirus like those we know today, but it carried out the same functionalities. We say that it is not an antivirus itself because it was actually a worm-like virus because it replicated itself and spread through the network, but having characteristics similar to an antivirus, is "intermediate."

A robot is a virtual or mechanical artificial entity. In practice, this is usually an electromechanical system that is usually driven by a computer program or by an electrical circuit. This electromechanical system by its appearance or its movements offers the sensation of having its own purpose. The independence created in their movements makes their actions the reason for a reasonable and deep study in the area of science and technology. Cleaning and maintenance of the home are normal

Personal Communicator, and it was created by IBM more than 15 years before Apple released the iPhone. IBM's Simon was the first phone to meld together the functions of a cell phone and a PDA, and it launched with the price tag of $899 with a service contract ($1,435 in today's dollars), according to Byte Magazine. The Simon was far ahead of its time, however. The smartphone featured a monochrome LCD touchscreen measuring 4.5 inches by 1.4 inches, and it came with a stylus.

Vic Hayes has been called the "father of Wi-Fi" because he chaired the IEEE committee that created the 802.11 standards in 1997. Before the public even heard of WiFi, Hayes established the standards that would make WiFi feasible. The 802.11 standard was established in 1997. Subsequently, improvements to the network bandwidth were added to the 802.11 standards. These include 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n and more.

Mac Os is the name of the operating system created by Apple. It is known to have been one of the first systems aimed at the general public in having a graphical interface composed of the interaction of the mouse with windows, icons and menus.
Deliberated to the existence of the operating system in the early years of its Macintosh line in favor of making the machine more user-friendly, differentiating it from other original Mac OS development team included Bill Atkinson, Jef Raskin and Andy

There is some discord about who actually invented the first USB. On the one hand, the first patent was filed in April 1999 under the name "USB-based PC flash disk", and was the responsibility of Amir Ban, Dov Moran and Oron Ogdan, of the Israel M-Systems company. The patent does not describe this technology as we know it today, since it describes it with a cable that connects the memory and the USB port.

Instagram is the largest-growing social-media platform. It was a success right from the beginning with over a million users only two months after it was launched. Instagram was developed in San Francisco by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger. Systrom was working in marketing and started doing engineering at night to help him learn how to code.After the first meeting, he quit his job and two weeks later he had raised $500,000 from the firms.