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Gallipoli is taken by the Ottoman Turks, giving them their first foothold in Europe
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Victory at Kosovo gives the Ottoman Turks control over Serbia, which becomes a vassal state
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The Ottoman sultan Bayazid I brings the Slav kingdom of Bulgaria under his control
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On August 2 Germany and the Ottoman empire sign a secret treaty of alliance
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On November 2 Russia declares war on the Ottoman empire
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Sharif Hussein, the emir of Mecca, proclaims himself the leader of the Muslim world, thus launching an Arab revolt against the Ottoman empire
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The nationalist government in Turkey abolishes the sultanate and the last Ottoman emperor, Mehmed VI, goes into exile
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Turkey becomes a republic with Atatrk as president and Ankara as its new capita