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Colonization
Emigration was one way to relieve some of this tension. Land was the most important source of wealth in the city-states; it was also, obviously, in finite supply. The pressure of population growth pushed many men away from their home poleis and into sparsely populated areas around Greece and the Aegean. I got this from https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancient-greece -
The Rise of the Tyrants
As time passed and their populations grew, many of these agricultural city-states began to produce consumer goods such as pottery, cloth, wine and metalwork. . These people resented the unchecked power of the oligarchs and banded together, sometimes with the aid of heavily-armed soldiers called hoplites, to put new leaders in charge. i got this from https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancient-greece -
The beginnings of the polis
The name given to polis formation by the Greeks themselves was synoikismos, literally a “gathering together.” Synoikismos could take one or both of two forms—it could be a physical concentration of the population in a single city or an act of purely political unification that allowed the population to continue living in a dispersed way. I got this from https://www.britannica.com/place/ancient-Greece/The-Olympic-Games -
Athens and Sparta
Athens and Sparta were the two main city states that ruled much of ancient Greece. They were often rivals and fought each other in the Peloponnesian Wars. At other times they united together in order to protect the Greek lands from invaders. The cultures of the two cities were very different. Sparta was almost entirely focused on war and how to fight, while Athens focused on the arts and learning. I got this from https://www.ducksters.com/history/ancient_greece.php -
Ancient Greece divided itself into different city-states.
The Greek city-states rose during the Greek Dark Age and stood in contrast to the united Mycenaean and Minoan kingdoms before their time. Archaeologists and historians see their rise as a reaction to the circumstances of the time. Those include the chaotic atmosphere of the dark age in general, and Greece’s own geography. I got this from https://facts.net/world/countries/ancient-greece-facts/