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Juan de Onate lead Spanish to New Mexico
Cause: Brought Spanish in order to establish the land and to mine for gold.
Effect: Met resistance with Pueblo Indians and killed 800 men, women, and children Indians. Took 500 for slavery and cut off one foot of each surviving Indian. -
English establish Jamestown
Cause: King James I issued royal charters for colonization to Englan joint-stock companies. A group of London investors and a group of a hundred men built a fort called Jamestown.
Effect: Became the first permanent English settlement. -
Plundering for food
Cause: Colonists grew dependent on the Indians for food.
Effect: John Smith and his men plundered surrounding tribes for food. Powhatan decided to starve the colonists out. -
First Africans Brought to Virginia
Cause: Europeans brought Africans over to the New World.
Effect: African worked as slaves to colonists. -
Pilgrim emigration
Cause: Emigrated to establish their own independent church.
Effect: When they arrived nearly half were wiped out during the winter. Their beginning goal, however, was met. -
Mayflower Compact
Cause: Complaints about Pilgrim authority.
Effect: The first document of self-government. -
Puritans begin settling Massachusetts Bay
Cause: Decided to emigrate to reform the church.
Effect: Reformed the church but also took authority. Massachusetts Bay Company established. -
Harvard College Found
Cause: A need for higher education in N.A.
Effect: Many colonists attended here with prior latin knowledge. -
Bloudy Tenent of Persecution
Cause: Religion
Effect: Argument gained increasing appeal following religious excesses of the English Civil War -
Navigation Acts
Cause: Colonies
Effect: Created legal and institutional structure of Britain's 18th century colonial system. -
Virginia law makes Slavery hereditary
Cause: Colonists realized that when slaves gaved birth their children could became slaves as well once they come of age.
Effect: Children of slaves were forced to become slaves as well. -
Half-Way Covenant
Cause: Religion
Effect: Members' children who had not experienced conversion themselves could join as "half-way" members in the Puritain religion. -
South Carolina founded
Cause: European exploration
Effect: N.A. colonies expanded more. -
King Phillip's War
Cause: Indians and Puritan colonies fight for control of land.
Effect: A complete disaster for Indians. -
Bacon's Rebellion
Cause: Conflict with tobacco.
Effect: Indiscriminate murders of Indians and governments fear that this could happen again. -
Strategic Outposts set up on the lakes
Cause: French fur trades.
Effect: Allowed for easier trades along the lakes. -
Sovereignty and Goodness of God
Cause: "Pilgrim's Progress"
Effect: Mary Rowlandson's story of captivity among Indians -
Glorious Revolution
Cause: Colonists rise up to the colonial governments of King James II.
Effect: A bloodless transition occured in the Parliament. -
King William's War
Cause: England replaced Holland as the dominant Atlantic power.
Cause: A long struggle for colonial supremacy in N.A, -
College of William and Mary Founded
Cause: Further establishments of colonial America
Effect: Gave education to colonists in Virginia. -
Spanish declare Florida a refuge
Cause: Spanish wanted to retaliate against the English.
Effect: Runaway slaves went to Florida where they found refuge from their masters. -
Wool Act, Hat Act
Cause: Colonial enterprises
Effect: Enactment that forbade colonial manufacture of products. -
Plains Indians
Cause: Spanish horses
Effect: Indians took horses which furthered their hunting expertise. -
Yale College Founded
Cause: Harvard was found too liberal
Effect: Gave more knowledge to colonists in America. -
Iroquois sign treaty of neutrality w/ France
Cause: Battle with the French
Effect: Created allies with French and Indians. -
Queen Anne's War
Cause: Slavery
Effect: Great Britain won the exclusive right to supply slaves to the Spanish in the Americas. -
Virginia Slave Code established.
Cause: Slavery populations growing in colonies.
Effect: Masters were not held responsible if a slave died during punishment. -
Saybrook Platform
Cause: Religion
Effect: Enacted a system of governance by councils of ministers and elders rather than congregations. -
Poor Richard's Almanac
Cause: Literacy
Effect: Became widely known for the promotion of Enlightment. -
Molasses Act
Cause: Pressure on Parliament from West Indian planters.
Effect: Placed a prohibitive duty on sugar products brought from foreign colonies to N.A. -
George Whitefield
Cause: Toured colonies.
Effect: Left people hope that God would be responisve to their desire for salvation. -
Stono Rebellion
Cause: Slavery
Effect: Slaves went on a rebellion killing others. Went into a field to celebrate accomplishments and were murdered by white townsmen. -
Great Awakening
Cause: Religion
Effect: Became a wide spread colonial revival of religion. -
Log College
Cause: Tennant's wanted to create a college that would teahc ministries to like-minded people.
Effect: Became known as Princeton University. -
Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes
Cause: Harsh conditions of slavery
Effect: John Woolman pointed out that all people are equal.Anti-slavery sentiment did not become large until the Civil War.