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Battle of Ypres (+1)
German army released Chlorine gas which was inhaled by Canadian Soldiers in the trenches
The German army wounded ⅔ of the 1800 attacking troops
Germans attacked Canadian soldiers for the second time with chlorine gas
Urine soaked clothes were used by Canadians for protection however, there were still more than 6000 casualties -
Battle of Somme (0)
The worst battle that took place in the history of British army
1,000,000 casualties took place; 24, 000 were Canadians
The Germans’ defensive strategies gave a tough time to the Canadian and the British army -
Women Empowerment (+1)
For the first time, women were recruited as ambulance drivers and secured jobs at The Red Cross apart from nursing.
Both married and unmarried women found work with better pay scale in factories which had made them financially stronger, however more white women were preferred.
Right to cast a vote was given to the female relatives of the soldiers considering their sacrifice -
The Spanish Flu (-2)
The soldiers returning from the battlefields brought along the virus spreading it across Canada via rail. Citizens and soldiers (20-40 years old) from the US, Canada, Spain, Germany and France were deeply affected by it. Around 50, 000 Canadians passed away due to the Spanish flu. Schools and churches were closed. Sports events were cancelled and travelling internationally was banned. -
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Winnipeg General Strike (-2)
Lack of government planning to accommodate soldiers without jobs returning from war.
30 000 men went on strike demanding for three things: higher wages, reduction of working hours and the right to collective bargaining.
“One Big Union” was formed to unite all workers and “Citizens’ Committee of 1000” was a committee formed by business owners to stop the strike.
Workers did not end up achieving any demands and many strikers were expelled out of their jobs. -
Prohibition (-1)
Prohibition was a time period in which the women’s groups, church groups and politicians had banned alcohol all across Canada and The United States.
Quebec was the only province that did not pass this law making it the hotspot for people to come from everywhere and enjoy legal alcohol. Canada lifted the ban during the 1920s however, America had it till 1933.
Speakeasies opened up all around and bootleggers sold alcohol illegally across the Us-Canada border
Murder and corruption had increased -
Sikh Families (+2)
The Sikh men arrived in Canada in the early 1920s
They adjusted themselves according to the Canadian lifestyle and were later joined by their families
Gradually, they established their own businesses
The new inhabitants changed their dressing, and appearance however they still had less interaction with white Canadians -
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The Flappers (+1)
The flappers were women who dressed up and acted against the norms of society back in the 1920s
The women wore short dresses, excessive makeup, smoked, drank, danced and cut their hair which back then was against the society's moral values -
Insulin (+2)
An Ontario doctor, Frederick Banting, along with, Charles Best, discovered the therapeutic potential of Insulin for diabetes
For this discovery he later received a noble prize
Insulin saved millions of lives and was a great advancement in the medical field
