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Age of Enlightenment
The Age of Enlightenment was a very big time in Europe. It shows a change in the ideas and ideals of citizens. It also shows the want for change in Europe by Europeans. The Age of Enlightenment also helped fuel the flames toward the French Revolution and some of the ideals that were shown during that time. -
Peter the Great's Reforms of Russia
Peter the Great's reforms of Russia were mainly to westernize the country. It was a huge change that happened in Russia. Peter the Great created a strong navy and reorganized the army to be more westernized, as well as introducing new territorial and administrative divisions in Russia. -
Urban Mortality Decline
This was a major change within society in the 18th century in Europe. The Urban mortality decline was mainly caused by better preventative medicine as well as changes in the ability to withstand and avoid diseases. This reduced mortality and allowed for larger families and longer healthier lives. -
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was a major change in agriculture and society in 18th century Europe. The Industrial societies became more urbanized and industrialized. It was, for the most part, confined to Britain. This was the first Industrial Revolution and the second would follow in the mid 19th century to the early 20th century. -
The Enclosure Act
The enclosure act shows another change that happened during the 18th century in Europe. The Enclosure act basically allowed for open fields and common land to be enclosed. This meant that many small farmers were kicked out of the farms they once owned and had to move toward the city. This lead to a mass migration to Urban areas which then become overcrowded. -
The End of Absolutism
This event shows a change in Europe during the 18th century. The end of absolutism is mainly around the time of the French Revolution and the French Revolution is one of the main reasons for this change. Absolutism had been coming to an end for a very long time, and people were done with being mistreated by their leaders. -
French Revolution
The French Revolution shows a change in Europe during the 18th century. This event was basically the French people being sick of the unfair treatment they were being shown by the government and those with more money. The French Revolution is accredited as the end of Absolutism in French society. -
Role of Women in Society
The tole of women in society stayed relatively the same during the 18th century. Women gained very few rights and were still expected to stay inside the house, raise the children, and do all of the housework. Some women did have to go out and gain an income for their family but this was very looked down upon and was mostly only women from a low social class. -
French Agriculture
This was a continuity during the 18th century in Europe. While the Agricultural Revolution was happening for England, not all countries were the same. Although some good things did come from French Agriculture during this time, it stayed relatively the same. -
Slave Trade
This shows a continuity that would last in Europe until the 19th century. Slave trade, although it was not ethical and it displaced thousands of Africans, helped the Americas and as well as Europe. Slave Trade in the 18th century in Europe shows continuity in European society and the normalization of owning slaves.