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The Enlightenment
cause- I think before the enlightenment the kings, queens and lords got to rule the people and was in charge on how they would live. When the enlightenment came though the crunch people started to realise that they didn’t have to do what the kings, queens and lords told them to do and they could become more indented and live how they wanted to live.
Effect- The enlightenment came through and people started to live more interpently. -
James cook discovered the east coast in 1770.
Cause-The “East Coast of New Holland” which was later to be Cape Everard, was sighted on 19 April 1770. Sailing northwards along the coast, Cook found a convenient harbour on 28 April 1770 where the ship could drop anchor and he and his men could investigate local conditions. Initially, Captain Cook named the anchorage place “Stingray Harbour Bay” because his men ate their fill of seafoods, but upon the many botanical discovery by Solander and Banks, he renamed it “Botany Bay”. Effect- -
Effect for James cook discovered the east coast in 1770.
effect- - Captain James Cook claimed the whole of the east coast of Australia for Great Britain on 22 August 1770, naming eastern Australia 'New South Wales'. -
Convicts
During the late 18th and 19th centuries, large numbers of convicts were transported to the various Australian penal colonies by the British government. Convicts were the people that were convicted for stealing, assault and forgery. The effect was the convicts had to leave there old life and move to a new country. -
Second fleet of convicts to arrive in Australia
The Second Fleet consisted of six ships. The Lady Juliana sailed from England on June 29, 1789 carrying 226 female convicts and landed in Australia on June 3, 1790. The Guardian sailed from England on September 12, 1789 but struck and iceberg off the cost of South Africa and never made it to Australia.
The Surprise, Neptune, Scarborough and Justinian sailed from England on January 19, 1790 and landed in Australia at the end of June the same year. -
Free settlers came to Australia
Cause- 1793 was when the first settlers first came to Australia. Heaps of single, poor man were attracted to the wide open spaces of Australia and the thought of owning more land to become wealthy. So there were more mean as the first settlers thn woman. Effect- The goverment introdced The Bounty scheme so more familys came over. The main place where the convicts came in was new south wales. When the settlers came they claimed there land as theres but the Aboriginal people didnt like it. -
When WW1 started
Cause- World War 1 was sparked by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914. As soon as this happened countries were turning on countries, Britain got involved and because we were allies with them, to keep that allenice we promised them 50,000 man. The Australians werent clear on what war really was but it just seemed like the right thing to do back then. While the soldiers were fighting for the country the wowan were making weapons for them, also sent to nurse the injured soldiers. -
When WW1 started
Effect- Even after the official end of World War I, its far-reaching effects resounded in the world for decades in the forms of changing politics, economics and public opinion. Many countries began to adopt more liberal forms of government, and a hostile Germany was forced to pay for a large deal of war reparations, which ultimately led to the start of World War II. -
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand
cause- Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie were assassinated while visiting the city of Sarajevo. This assassination in 1914 then meant Austria-Hungary would declare war on Serbia. Germany became an alliance with Austria-Hungary, and as the war progressed more countries joined the fighting. Effect- Serbia succeeded with the assassinated. -
Theatre of war
A theatre of war is where the land, sea, and air area's that will or have a chance to become involved in war operations.For an example Gallpoli in 1915 is an theatre of war and is very famous for it. It started with the landing of gallpoli at Anzac cove. The battle finished in January 1916 but it didn’t go to Churchill’s plan. Before then ANZAC’S got to Anzac Cove the Turkish were already there at the top of the hill waiting for them to arrive. The trickish ambushed the ANZAC army. -
First Battle of Bullecourt
Effect 2: Due to uncertainty as to how far they had advanced, supporting artillery fire was withheld, and eventually the Australians were hemmed in and forced to retreat. The two brigades of the 4th Division that carried out the attack, the 4th and 12th, suffered over 3,300 casualties; 1,170 Australians were taken prisoner. -
First Battle of Bullecourt
Cause: In March 1917, the German army had withdrawn to the Hindenburg Line in order to shorten their front and thus make their positions easier to defend. This move was rapidly followed up by the British and empire forces, and they launched an offensive around Arras in early April 1917. -
First Battle of Bullecourt
Effect 1: To assist the Arras operations, an attack was launched on Bullecourt on 11 April 1917 by the 4th Australian and 62nd British Divisions. The attack was hastily planned and mounted. Tanks which were supposed to support the attacking Australian infantry either broke down or were quickly destroyed. Nevertheless, the infantry managed to break into the German defences.
