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The Enlightenment
The enlightenment happened somewhere between the 1700s and the 1800s. The cause of the enightenment was because everyday people stopped believing in the church and instead started believing in new beliefs.They had more rights and as a cause of this they started to have more oppurtunities in life and they saw a different form of life. -
The Enlightenment
The effect of the enlightenment was that the king and queen got overthrown and as a result they had less power. The Enlightenment standed for indivdualism and rationalism, meaning new life and people having new rights and freedom. -
Convicts
Convicts were aboard the first and second fleet to Australia, on the 26th of January 1788 the first fleet had arrived in Port Jackson. On board the eleven ships were 1332 people, 736 whom were convicts. The convicts had sentences between seven years and life, however many got out of the sentence of being hung and ended up on this voyage. -
Convicts
For some they didn’t have long left behind bars but they were all still forced to go on this 8 month voyage. By the end of the first fleet twenty three convicts had died, around sixty per cent had been prisoned earlier for stealing small items such as food to survive. The second fleet was a disaster compared to the first fleet with 258 convicts dying over the voyage, between 1788 and 1868 about 165 000 convicts were transported over to New South Wales. -
Free settlers to Australia
The first free settlers to Australia arrived in Sydney off a ship called the "Bellona" on the 16th of Janurary 1793. On board there was 5 single men and 2 families that were wealthy enough to afford the long sea voyage from England. They were given free land, free convict labour was also provided to clear the land. The Australian environment made life on the land a struggle for the early settlers. Once there was quality land available more and more free settlers starting coming from England. -
Bounty scheme
In New South Wales by 1835 there was a gender imbalance of a scale of four men for every one woman. The government then introduced the bounty scheme, which was supposed to attract more married couples and young woman to Australia. Settlers then paid the fare for skilled workers from England and were reimbursed by the governement was both healthy and above the age of 15 for females and 18 for males. By 1838, over 6000 free settlers had travelled to Australia on the bounty scheme. -
Indigenous Australians
The Indigenous Australiains were the first people to ever live on this land called Australia, they have been thought that they haved lived there for over 40 million years. They first lived for so long by themselves and managed to survive, by growing continuous plant life and that they would never destroy the land. -
Working man
By 1888 Melbourne had become the largest city in Australia and it was almost the biggest city in the Birtish Empire but just falling short to London. Workers that were paid by the peice rate could barely survive and this led to more crime and poverty. Australia was then referred to as a working mans paradise, men were able to go and get a job to support their families. -
Gold rush
The gold rushes had a huge affect on the Australian economy and our development of a nation. Once the gold rush occured in Austrlalia they stopped bring the convicts over because this is where all the rich had lived. The population grew in Australia and many people wanted to travel there, -
NSW becomes a state
The english navigator James Cook became the first European to the coast in 1770. It was a return trip home from Australia when captain Cook found this great land, he referred to this land upon which would be founded a British colony as New South Wales. People now can prove that the land that he saw may have looked like the South of Wales in the United Kingdom. -
Voluntary and Involuntary Migration
Voluntary Migration is where one person or a group of people voluntarily travel from one place to another, which are then called Free Settlers. Push factors and pull factors play a big part in Voluntary Migration. Push factors are things such as an unfriendly community and environment which drive people away from where they are currently living. Pull factors are things such as cleaner and friendly environments and better homes which drive people towards a new place. -
Voluntary and Involuntary Migration
Two examples of involuntary migration is the slavery and transportation of the convitcs. It is called invulntary migration because the individulas had no choice in moving, they were getting forced to leave to the new world. -
Assasination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
On the 28th June 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand (who was next in line to be the Austro-Hungarian throne) and his wife sophie (duchess of Hohenberg) were visiting Sarajevo to inspect the the army. Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Serbian group the Black Hand, shot and killed the duke and his wife. As the result of his death World War 1 started with many countries forcing war on eachother. -
Gallipoli Campaign
The battle of Gallopli took place from April 1915 to Januarary 1916 during World War 1. Many soldiers travelled by boats to Anzac Cove however once they reached that destination the fighting began, some unlucky soldiers didnt even make it to the edge of the sand off the beaches without being shot or even killed. A combined British Empire and French operation tryed to capture the Ottoman however the attempt failed. An estimated 505 000 soldiers were killed and 262 000 wounded. -
USA join the World War 1
On the 7th of May 1915 the passenger liner lustiniana was sunk by a german u boat off the Southern Coast of Ireland. 128 people died with many injured, the US then sent vaious notes of concern for help. The Us were also providing Britain and its allies with money and weapons. Then when Germany re-introduced the u boat scheme US declared war on them.
