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The Act for protection and management of Aboriginal Nativies of Victoria was passed. This allowed the governmet to be able to order the removal of Aboriginal children from their families and send them off to a reformatory or industrial school. This legislation was passed in all the other states as well be 1911
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Between 1910 and 1970 it was estimated that between 1 in 3 and 1 in 10 indigenous children were removed from their families as part of a nation wide act. These children, especially the half castes, were put up for adoption or into foster homes, orphanages, aprenticships or work as labourers on farms.
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Gerrmany called for a ceasefire of World War One. The allies would accept this if germany would agree to the terms that they would put forward.
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This is the offical end of World War One. The conditions of the ceasefire are agreeed to by Germany and they sign the armistance and World war one ends.
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Meeting was held to discuus the terms of the armistance and this led onto the development of the treaty of versailles. The meeting itself was held in the Placae of Versaille. It was chosen to be held here as France was one of the hardest affected cities and it was a chance for them to regain some of what they had lost. 26 nations were represented there however Germany wasn't invited.
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Clemenceau, Woodrow Wilson and Lloyd George were the main voices in the creation of the treaty. They wanted Germany to suffer and make sure that they could never do it again. They delt Germany a very harsh punishment which included an 84 billion dollar fine, loss of overseas colonies, loss of thier own land, servere military cuts as well as agreeing to never join with Austria Hungary and they had to accept 100% of the blame. Germany had no choice but to accept these harsh terms.
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Hitler's return to politics saw him take the lead of the Nazi party. He also ran for president against Hindenburg but lost. However the election showed a growing popularity for the Nazi party. After hitler failed to win the election he went after the chancelor postion. Two chancellors were enstated before Hindenburg felt the only way to eleminate his threat in Schleicher was to make Hitler chancellor.
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This was the first of the Nazi's concentration camps. it was opend by Himmler and it was initally run by Himmler's SS gaurds.
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Hindenburg the president dies. Hitler has removed all opposition. Hitler passes a new law which merges the roles of chancellor and president and calls himself Fuhrer. Hitler has gained total control of Germany. has a police force, an army, a government and they all answered to only him.
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A confrence of Commonwealth and state authorities called by the federal governmet decides on a policy for the Aboriginies. This policy was callde the Assimilation Policy and these children are now refered to as the Stolen Generation. The aim of this policy was that the aboriginal children would cease to identify as being Aboriginal and would benefit from a white upbringing.
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As part of the Treaty of Versailles Geramny agreed to stay out of Austria and they couldnt move milatary into rhineland. Germany break this agreement when they move to envade France through the rhineland and also invade Polland which causes the allies to declare war.
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In the early hours of the morning Japan launches a suprise attack on the American naval base of Pearl Harbour. The attak was a suicidal bombing that killed 2400 Americans.
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The Japenese launched two air raids on mainland Australia hitting Darwin. They bombed the harbou and town and in the second attack they bombed the Royal Australian Airforce base in Parap.
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The Kokoda Trail Campaign was part of the Pacific War. This was the Japanese fighting against the allies. the Japenese landed on the northern coasts and started the treck over the Owen Stanley Ranges with intent on capturing Port Moresby. Within days australia had moved in to begin what would be the long campagin to stop Japan's advace. If this hadnt happened mainland Australia would've come under dire threat from Janpan.
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Adolf Hitler the Fuhrer of Germany commited suicide rather than face what he had coming for him. As the war was coming to an end he new Germany had lost and that he would be suverly punished. He decided to head deep into an air raid shelter where he consumed a cyanide capsule and then shot himself with a pistol.
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Germany signed an unconditional surrender at the allied headquarters in Reims, France which would be the end of World War Two in Europe. General Alfred Jodl who was assigened after the death of Hitler to represent him in the sigining ceremony. They Met at General Dwight Eisenhower's headquarters where four copies of the surrender document would be signed. The surrender was initially only planned to be for the Western front but Eisenhower demanded complete surrender. Germany had been defeated.
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At 2:45am a bomber took of from an island south of Japan as part of a secret mission that the United States of America had planned to get back at the Jspense. The bomb named the 'Little Boy' hit the town of Hiroshima a 8:15. Two thirds of Hiroshima was destroyed and 70,000 people died immediatly with another 70,000 dieing in the 5 years after due to radiation. This attack was different from other bombing raids as they weren't targeting a military target but aimed to get the entire city.
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The Japanese were still trying to get over what had happened in Hiroshima when when the U.S. was preparing to launch a second attack this time on Nagasaki. The initial target for this bomb was Kokura but haze prevented a clear drop so they decided to drop 'Fat Man' on Nagasaki. The terrain prevented this bigger bomb from doing more damage than Hiroshima but it still wiped out 40% of Nagasaki. 70,000 people died within the first year.
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The declaration was adopted after the experiences in the second world war. The international community agreed that something had to be done to prevent an atrocity like the one they'd just experienced from happening again.
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The history of the indigenous people and their voting rights is one that was quite confused. Initially aboriginal men did hold the right to vote from the 1850's but hardly any of them realised they had this right. but after Federation Aborignial people were stripped of their voting rights. But this contradicted section 41 of the constitution which said anyone who held a state vote could vote in the federal elections. In 1962 the states started giving them the right to vote once more.
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Charles Perkins was an Aboriginal university student who became the 1st Aboriginal to graduate. The protests in the U.S. started the idea of the freedom rides for Perkins over here in Australia to raise awarness for Aboriginal rights. Perkins organised bus tours around New South Whales as a fact finding mission along with a group known as Student Action fo Aborigines.
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They were previously considered flora and funa or part of the land. For Aboriginal people to gain British citizenship rights, before Australian citizenship was created, they had to stop identifing themselves as Aboriginal. This meant they couldnt associate with their people or participate in any of their cultural traditions. When Australian citizen rights came in in 1948 the Aboriginal people gained this right.
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An official report was issued that outlined the story of the Stolen Generation. This report was tabled in Federal Parliment and it outlined that under international law the forcible removal of the children acounted to genocide.
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Kevin Rudd the Prime Minister of Australia delivers a national apology to the indigenous people of Australia and the Stolen Generation. This was a long awaited apology. With the Brining them Home Report there was also a plan to make amends with the indigenous people. Part of this was for a fromal apology to be delivered from the state and federal governments.
