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In Singapore, there was a British naval base that the Australians considered vital for their security. It was supposed to be impregnable, but the Australia still sent 15000 troops of the 8th division AIF to assist in the defence of Singapore. On 15th February, the British commander of Singapore, General Pericival, surrendered, with 130000 Allied soldiers, including 15000 Australians surrendering to the Japanese. Most of these allies would become prisoners of war, and thousands would die.
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One of the most important places Australia fought during WWII was in New Guinea. After the fall of Singapore, the Japanese decided to take Port Moresby, which means they could easily strike Australia and threaten Australia's vital link with the US naval force. In what became known as the Battle of the Coral Sea, the Japanese were stopped from taking Port Moresby by a US naval force and two Australian cruisers, Australia and Hobart.