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Muhammad was born in Mecca on the 12th Rabi ul Awwal. His uncle raised him after he was orphaned at a young age.
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Muhammad began to share his ideas. He first started in Makkah. Muhammad told the people that there was only one God. He also said that they should all worship and obey him. Muhammad explained that everyone who believed in God were equal meaning for the rich to share their wealth with the poor.
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Muhammad died peacefully in Madinah. He passed away from a small illness. He left behind two achievements. The first achievement explained his formation for a religious community based on sacred writings. The second achievement was based on his life as a guide for Muslims to follow.
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Charles Martel, also known as " Charles the Hammer ", became mayor of place was kings being known as goverment officals. He also led much success in Battle of Tours, of France. The victory of the battle gave him great reputation.
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On a cold day in November, Pope Urban II went out in the cold on his platform in Clermont, France. He asked his people to form an army so that he can have his land back from the Seljuk Turks. This was known as the First Crusade. A year later, The Crusaders went to Europe and recked Muslim and Jewish lands.
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The Fourth Crusade began in A.D 1204. The Crusaders planned to go to Jerusalem to fight. They changed their mind. Instead, they attacked Constantinople leaving so much debris. The Crusaders burned libraries, destroyed churches, and stole vaulables of others. This weakened the Byzantine Empire.
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A disease called Black Death, also known as Black Plague, started to spread in A.D 1348. This disease was caused by fleas on black rats that eventually spread to human beings. It spread through Europe, killing hundreds of people every five miles. This was the worst of the epidemics. It killed one-third of the population.
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Pope Benedict XVI resigned after many years as pope of Vatican, Italy. On March 18th, 2013, the clergy of Vatican elected Pope Francis as their new pope.
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The three brother's of Treaty of Verdun fought one another for Carolingian Lands. Charles the Bald got the west which covered France. The east division, which today is Germany, went to Louis the German. Lothair controled a strip of land in the middle of the empire stretching from North Sea southward to Italy.
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The Vikings, from Scandinavia, start to raid in their ships. Other than being raiders, they are explorers and settlers. The Vikings fought along the coasts of Europe, including the Atlanic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.
