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"Henry the Navigator" played an important role in politics in the 15th-century in the early days of Portuguese Empire. He was also credited for being the intiator of the Age of Discoveries.
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Yonglo was the reason Zheng He had the chance to go on the voyages he did. Zheng He helped make Yonglo's empire very powerful.
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He can thank Yonglo for much of his success, because without him, he never would have had the chance to go on his voyage. He helped Yonglo's empire grow to become very powerful.
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This machine used letter cut outs that were then covered in ink, and once pressure was applied the words would be on the paper. THis sped up book copying and caused the cost of books to decrease.
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This was a struggle between England and France. this 116 year long war was over the succesion of the French throne.
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The Fall of Constantinople was the capture of the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. This event marked the end of the Roman Empire.
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He was the first European known to reach this point. This exepidition gave Portugal the advantage for this land.
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All of Granada's Muslims were obliged to either convert to Christianity, become slaves, or be exiled. This is considered to be the final war of the Reconquista.
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Christopher Columbus planned on reaching Asia, but he hit the Americas. His voyages intiatated the Spanish Colonization of the New World.
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He was the first European to reach India by sea. This gave Portugal the opportunity to create a long-lasting colonial empire in Asia.
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This treaty split the lands off the coast of Africa between Spanish and Portuguese rule. The land east of the line was ruled by Portugal, and the west section was ruled by Spain.
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It was first known as the New World because it was a new land mass that was for the most part unknown. It was later renamed America after Amerigo and his contribution to its exploration.
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This painting is known as, "the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world". Davince never really finished this painting, and was adding to it until he passed away.
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Copernicus was an astronomer and mathematician that formulated a model of the universe that relocated the sun to the center , instead of the earth. Nicolaus Copernicus made major contributions to the Scientific Revolution, and triggered what is known as the Copernican Revolution.
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This is a figure that represents the biblical hero David. This statue became a symbol of defense of the civil liberties of the Republic of Florence.
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This is a major event because of how big of a project it was. Michelangelo spent a lot of time and effort on this massive painting.
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This is one of the most famous frescoes by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael. This painting represents Philosophy, and was thought to be the second painting he finished in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican.
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This is a list of all the wrong doings of the Catholic church that Martin Luther posted on the door of the church of Wittenberg. This is widely known as the initial catalyst for the Protestant Reformation.
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He was the explorer that brought horses to the Americas. Cortez also eliiminated the Aztec Empire and claimed Mexico for Spain.
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This is the first of many failed attempts of revolting slaves. This uprising starts many more revolts and gives other people courage to try and revolt.
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This was first published usignthe title De Principatibus that is latin; the printed version was published in 1532. This work is sometimes known as the on of the first works of modern philosophy.
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Pizarro's victory at Cajamarca effectively marked the end of the Inca Empire and the beginning of the European colonization of South America.
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Ivan ruled and made many rash decisions because he was a very paranoid man. His legacy is quite two sided, because he is remembered because he was a great ruler, but due to his paranoia, he did many things that were cruel and harsh.
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When he first claimed this, he lied and said it was unimportant. But when he returned to France, he was seen as very successful, and he was proud.
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She was the Second wife of King Henry VIII and was queen from 1533 to 1536. SHe was found gulity of high treason on May 15th of 1536, and was beheaded 4 days after.
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This shows a change in the church. At this time it sarts to shift back towards education.
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Edward became king at age nine. He was England's first monarch to be raised as a Protestant.
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Mary was queen from the July of 1553 until the day she died. She is known for her Restoration in Roman Catholicism. She is known as "Bloody Mary."
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King Phillip II sent out 130 ships that carried 19,000 soldiers towards the English Channel, but England was ready. This defeat not only caused a major blow to Spain's dominance, but it also opened the way for the rest of Europe to venture to the Americas.
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When he did this he divided his empire among his brother (Ferdinand) and his son (Phillip). If thus wouldn't have occurred, Phillip wouldn't have as much control because, die to this, his landholdings were so large.
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Elizabeth was the 5th and the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty. SHe held the Throne for 44 years, and provided stability for the kingdom.
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This was a desperate step to force Spanish troops out of the city. If William wouldn't have done this, then the provinces of the Netherlands never would have been able to unite and declare their independence from Spain.
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Henry was the first kind of the Bourbon dynasty in France. He worked very hard to heal and rebuild France, and even had a declaration of religious toleration called the Edict of Nantes to show that his main goal was to unite his people of France.
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Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the Company's shares, and government only had indirect control. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its own private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions.
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This company is considered to have been the first multinational corporation in the world, and also is the first to issue stock. It was very powerful, and even had the ability to establish colonies.
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Johannes Kepler was a German mathematician, atronomer, and astrologer; he also made major contributions to the Scientific Revolution. Kepler is known for his laws of planetary motion, and he provided the foundation for Isaac Newton's theory of universal gravitation.
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Hudson and his crew went to shore for the winter, and once it was okay to sail again, they set out again. But Hudson's crews' desire for home was strong, but they pressed on, and lost their lives for it.
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Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. HIs plays are still very widely known and preformed today.
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This was a conflict over religion, territory, and for power among European ruling families, it was ended by the Peace of Westphalia. This war took a major financial toll on all competing powers, and took the greatest toll on Germany.
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Galileo was an Italian physicist, mathematician, engineer, astronomer, and philosopher who played a very improtant role in the Scientific Revolution. His many findings allowed him to make many improvements to several scientific instruments that are still used today.
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When he became king, he was only a five year old boy, but had a lot of help until 1661. When he was 23 he finally took control of the government. His harsh rein was nothing to be celebrated; what was worth celebrating though was his death, because it was finally over.
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Thomas Hobbes was an English philosopher that was best known for his contributions to the political philosophy. His book made the foundation for later Western political philosophy.
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Charles reign was crucial to the rights of the English. Since he followed Cromwell in ruling, Charles lifted the bans on theater, sporting events, and dancing.
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The Duke of York decided that the place he gained in his great victory deserved a new, HIS name. Even though he didnt even fight for it at all.
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This was a document that made it so monarchs couldn't put people in jail for opposing the ruler, and it also made it illegal for prisoners to be held indefinitely. This act is still in place today.
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He originally wanted to set up the colony at the mouth if the river, but inaccurate measurements cuased him to land here. His colony faced many harsh conditions, incuding hostile natives, epidemics, and harsh conditions.
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Isaac Newton was one of the most influencial scientists of the Scientific Revolution. Almost all of his formulas and laws are still around today, and his contribution to the mathematical field was immense.
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John Locke was known as the 'Father of Classical Liberalism' and was also one of the most influencial thinkers of the Enlightenment period. The Two Treatises of Government attacked patriarchism and showed his ideas on a betterment of society based on natural laws and the contract theory.
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This document was passed during the Glorious Revolution. The Bill of Rights really restricted monarchs power and designated what power parliament has.
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He got his people involved in many wars, but they were successful and paid off in the end. He westernized his people, and made a lasting impact in Russian government.
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This was not just any piece, it was so important that was gained in the Great Northern War. This occurrence allowed Russia to lock in their security of the Baltic Sea, and they built Saint Petersburg, and expanded their trading immensely.
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Voltaire was actually exiled many times, but his 3rd time he decided he would stay for three years. Although it was risky, Voltaire remained outspoken, and even if it caused him to flee, he always gave his opinion through many works he published.
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This war was basically because people didn't believe that Maria Theresa was the the person next in lime for the throne, and it involved most powers of Europe. It finally ended with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748, and Maria Theresa was confirmed as the rightful leader.
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The above all reason that this encyclopedia is so well remembered is because it was the first to reflect the Enlightenment. He mainly wanted to achieve this to spread this information to lots of people, and maybe even the generations to come.
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This war became a global fought war. It changes the relationships between Britain, France, Spain, and their overseas colonies, along with Native Americans in North America.
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This war was fought all over the globe. It caused some major tension between France, Spain, and and Britain
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Mary was an English writer, philospher, and advocate of women's rights. Today, she is known as one of the founding feminist philosphers, and feminists often catorgize her work and life as very influencial and important.
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This was a series of three partitions that basically wiped Poland off the map. The main result was that Poland was not Poland for 123 years.
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Catherine used the nobles to help control the serfs. She promised the nobles autority over the serfs in exchange for their political cooperation.
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These were the first open armed battles between America's 13 colonies and the Kingdon of Great Britian. These were the first battles that led to the Revolutionary War.
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This is when the thirteen colonies declared their independence form Great Britian. 'Murica, that is all.
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This act aimed to abolish certain parts of the traditional serfdom system. When Joseph II passed this, he took away the long-established mastery of the landlord, which allowed serfs to be more independent.
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There 70 delegates all together, but some refused to sign it, so only 55 actually signed our constitution. What is interesting is that men of all ages were delegates.
