1 battle of the somme

The Causes and Consequences of WWI

By morganw__
  • Period: to

    Events Leading Up to & During WW1

  • Germany became a Unified nation

  • France lost causing them to lose status, as well as territory, to the new German nation

  • the Austrian Empire reorganized as Austria-Hungary and accepted Germany’s leadership in Central Europe

  • the Great Powers recognized the independence of Serbia from the Ottoman Empire and put Austria-Hungary in charge of Bosnia-Herzegovina

  • Russia was expanding in Asia

    late 1800's

  • reduced the threat from Russia by forming an alliance with Russia and Austria-Hungary called the Three Emperors’ Alliance

  • a new kaiser, the German title for emperor, Wilhelm II, took the throne

  • United States annexed Hawaii and seized the Philippines from Spain

  • Nationalism, or the idea that citizens of a country feel loyalty to their nation above other people or organizations, started

    late 1800's: democracies replaced many monarchies

  • Germany was a monarchy, but its affairs were led by its first chancellor, Otto von Bismarck

    ENDED IN THIS YEAR

  • France took advantage of the Reinsurance Treaty’s end by forming an alliance with Russia

  • Russia seized Chinese Manchuria and established a protectorate over Mongolia

    early 1900's

  • The British viewed Russia’s expansion in Asia as a possible threat to their control of India

  • all European armies had rifles that could hit a target with deadly accuracy from more than a quarter-mile away.

    all European armies had rifles that could hit a target with deadly accuracy from more than a quarter-mile away.

    early 1900's

  • Russia and Japan went to war over Manchuria and Korea

  • Russia's Trans-Siberian Railroad was Completed

    Russia's Trans-Siberian Railroad was Completed

  • United States announced that it would take charge in any Latin American nation that could not properly manage its affairs

  • The war went badly for Russia and ended

  • Britain’s growing concerns about Germany prompted it to join with France and Russia, Triple Entente

    Britain’s growing concerns about Germany prompted it to join with France and Russia, Triple Entente

  • Austria-Hungary officially annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina

  • Korea became a Colony of Japan

    Korea became a Colony of Japan

  • Russia supported Serbia in Balkan War

  • The predominantly Christian Armenian population found itself subject to heightened oppression after the defeat of the empire in the First Balkan War

  • Between 1871 and 1913, Germany surpassed Britain to become Europe’s leading industrial power

  • Russia supported Serbia in Balkan War

  • War Began

    War Began

  • Germany, the nation Prussia created in 1871 after defeating the Austrian Empire and France in war, had become the strongest

    Germany, the nation Prussia created in 1871 after defeating the Austrian Empire and France in war, had become the strongest

  • Russia’s empire extended from Central Europe to the Pacific Ocean, and from the Arctic to Afghanistan

  • an act of Serbian nationalism led to the murder of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne

  • Many Europeans greeted the outbreak of war with a wave of patriotic confidence and celebration

    Many Europeans greeted the outbreak of war with a wave of patriotic confidence and celebration

  • Ottoman Empire officially entered the war on the side of Germany and Austria-Hungary to form what became known as the Central Powers

  • French begged Russia to take pressure off of the Western Front by invading Germany

  • The unexpected and long war, severely strained the resources of nations on both sides

  • the British began a naval blockade of Germany to cut off its overseas trade

  • Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia

  • Japan declared war on Germany

  • Ottoman empire joined by Serbia’s Balkan rival, Bulgaria

  • Italy Joined Ottoman Allies

  • Germany began using poison gas

  • Austrians conquered Serbia

  • a naval force landed French, British, and colonial troops at Gallipoli, a peninsula in the European part of present-day Turkey

  • Germany responded by establishing a blockade of Britain. The German navy was still no match for the British navy

    Germany responded by establishing a blockade of Britain. The German navy was still no match for the British navy

  • a U-boat sank the British passenger ship Lusitania, which was also carrying 173 tons of ammunition from New York to London

  • US actions for managing nations was most prime from 1904-1916

  • Austrians conquered Romania

  • the Turks defeated a force of British colonial troops from India

  • The rebellion ended

  • Shortages of food, fuel, and raw materials also developed. German and British rationed food

    Shortages of food, fuel, and raw materials also developed. German and British rationed food

    scarce by this date

  • Heavy battlefield losses led Britain to begin requiring military service from men age 18 to 41

  • German leaders had become concerned about how much longer Germany could continue to fight

    LATE 1916
  • Russia’s withdrawal from the war dissolved the Eastern Front

    Russia’s withdrawal from the war dissolved the Eastern Front

  • Western front was a brutal attacking Zone

    Western front was a brutal attacking Zone

    1914-1917

  • French army lost 130,000 men in 10 days, ended when troops refused to make yet another attack

  • The first planes were used to spy on the enemy.Planes then advanced and were used for artillery fire and dropping bombs on military and civilian targets

  • A huge number of lives and resources lost caused Russia’s government to collapse

  • the British captured Jerusalem

  • it was clear that the victory in the Great War would be decided on Europe’s Western Front

  • food riots and strikes happened with increasing frequency

  • peace movements existed in every Great Power—including France—where German forces remained entrenched on the Western Front

  • United States to declare war on Germany

  • U.S. warships were helping the British navy combat the German U-boat blockade

  • Russia’s withdrawal from the war, allowed Germany to move troops from the Eastern to the Western Front

    END 1917
  • War ended

    War ended

  • Wilfred Owen, a British poet and lieutenant in the British Army, wrote several poems about the war before he was killed in action

    age 25

  • In German East Africa, however, some 12,000 African soldiers defended against 130,000 Allied troops for three years until finally being forced to surrender in November 1918

  • President Woodrow Wilson issued a statement of war goals called the Fourteen Points

    President Woodrow Wilson issued a statement of war goals called the Fourteen Points

  • The Fourteen Points contributed to Germany’s decision to surrender

  • Germans launched a massive attack on the British at the Second Battle of the Somme

  • American army defeated German forces at Saint Mihiel

  • German people were enduring terrible hardships. By late October, those hardships became unbearable as Germans lost confidence that they would be victorious in the end

    German people were enduring terrible hardships. By late October, those hardships became unbearable as Germans lost confidence that they would be victorious in the end

  • Turks surrendered

    Turks surrendered

  • they signed an armistice, an agreement to stop fighting

  • For Armenians, the genocide reduced their population in the Ottoman Empire from 2.13 million to 387,000 people