-
Period: May 23, 1500 to
Scientific Revolution
Kepler- planets don't rotate in perfect circles
Brahe- no crystalline spheres -
May 23, 1543
Copernicus
Earth revolves around Sun
questioning God's existence -
EDICT OF NANTES
henry 4th, kibng of france
tolerates protestants in france -
Period: to
BAROQUE
-
Dutch Republic
Calvinists
State General + Stadtholders
very stable -
Period: to
30 years war
catholics vs. protestant warfare, warfare shifts to central eastern Europe -
Franz Hals
-
THE FRONDE
common people rebellion -
Period: to
DUTCH BAROQUE
-
Vermeer
-
Rembrandt
-
Period: to
Enlightenment
Cartesian thought
questioning everything
philosophs -
LOUIS XIV
king of france
used absolutism: god gives power to one person to rule
used to stabilize nation-states in Europe -
Newton
Gravity -
Watteu
Rococo -
Period: to
ROCOCO
-
George Handel
opera seria
- Julius Caesar (de capo arias)
Messiah (1742) -
Period: to
CLASSICAL
-
Chardin
-
HOGARTH
England -
Boucher
-
Fragonard
-
Fuseli
-
Period: to
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
England: 1780-1830
Europe: 1830-1900 -
Kaupfman
-
Period: to
FRENCH REVOLUTION
Phase 1 (1789-1792)- moderate political
Phase 2 (1792-1794)- radical/social -
David
-
ROBESPIERRE
Jacobins
radical
SOCIAL CONTRACT -
Schubert
Lieders
- strophic
- works by Goethe -
Period: to
Napolean Bonaparte
IMPERIALISM -
Period: to
ROMANTIC
-
Beethoven
Proto-Romantic
motivic movements
sonata form -
Friedrich
Romantic -
PROTOROMANTIC
GOYA -
CONGRESS OF VIENNA
counter-Napoleon
created by Concert of Europe to restore monarchy
- Carlsbad Resolutions
- Principle of Intervention -
Rossini
writes barber of seville -
John Constable
The Holy Wain -
Period: to
ROMANTIC LANDSCAPE
Nature in romanticism
- macabre/sad -> lifeless
message -> style -
GERICAULT AND DELACROIX
ROMANTIC
- Raft of Medusa and Liberty Leading the People
- psychological portraiture -
Turner
-
Chopin
Nocture
military polonaise -
July Revolution
against Charles X -
METTERNICH
CONSERVATISM -
Berlioz
Symphonie Fantastique
- big orchestra
- idee fixe
- Dies irae
- free fugue -
Period: to
ROMANTIC REVIVAL
nostalgic -
Karl Marx
Communist Manifesto
- Proletariat rising
- class antagonisms -
Period: to
REALISM
-
Brown
-
Hunt
-
Garibaldi
leading revolution like Mancine w/ democracy and free speech
destroy two siciliys, good and bad -
Verdi
RISORGIMIENTO; movmt for italian Unification
write Nebakanezzer- 1841
-covert nationalism
rigolletto- 1851
-la dona e mobile aria
AIDA; italy is free, sues canal-cairo -
Daumier
realism -
COurbet
Realism
genre painting -
cavour
realpolitik- italy
ask sNap II to help him if austrians invade, Cavour rovokes austrians
Nap III gets cold feet, scared of germans coming to Austrians aid -
Period: to
PRE-RAPHAELITES
art to express moral ideas
improve society -
Wagner
dissonant in all songs
chromatism
endless melody -
Mellarmé
afternoon of a faun -
Debussy
pentatonic and white-tone scales
Light imagery
vague imagery -
Herbert Spencer
Social Darwinism
fitter will survive in society -
Charles Darwin
Origin of Species
natural selection
- random selection
≠ Christianity -
MANET
-
GENTRIFICATION
lower class gets displaced
bigger class division
more regularized arch.
hausmannization -
Manet
naked vs. nude -
Cabanel
birth of venus -
direct aftermath of 1848
italy- 1870
germany- 1871
revolutions broke out, all got squashed -
UNITED ITALY UNDER MONARCHY OF SARDINIA
Cavour -
THREE WARS
Danish war
- danih take over place that is cons. german, get beat down
Austro-Prussian war
-Bismarck fights w/ austrians over who will take germany, have advantage over them bc the Austrians are farther away
creates North Germany (Prussians) + South Germany (austria)
Franco-Prussian war
-fighat/ provoke ustrians so they attack fisrt, franace invades and s. germans fight to protect homeland, then Bismarck will rule s. Germany -
Period: to
IMPERIALISM
NEW IMP.- drive and nat. fervor to go and conquer new places
indstrial rev- economics
"scramble for africa"- to help the primitive
white/ black mans burden
and asia, but harder to conquer bc of ---- -
Period: to
IMPRESSIONISM
en plein aire -
Monet
impressionism -
Renoir
Impressionism -
Degas
impressionism -
Bismarck- Ext.Russ.Nat.
keeps peace from 18971-WWI, Brings germany together thru militarism, then acts like metternich to keep peace
3 EMPERORS LEAGUE
GERMANY, RUSSIA, AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN -
Dvorak
Smetana (Bohemia)
Slavonic Dance No. 1 -
Period: to
HAUSSMANIZATION
under Napoleon III
modernize Paris
easier to quash rebellions
- wider boulevards
- showcase France -
Period: to
POST-IMPRESSIONISM
-
Tchaiscovsky
-
Cassatt
impressionism -
Van Gogh
post-imp -
Seurat
la grande jatte
pointillism/ quintillism -
Musorgsky
-
BERLIN CONFERENCE
bismarck and berlin premier
laid rules on how to actually conquer land, not for expansion purp.
no one listens -
Neitzche
superman, embraces irrationality -
Gaugin
post-imp -
Cezanné
pot-imp. still life, many persp. -
Freud
scared of irrationalism, bt wants to understand it
id -
Period: to
CUBISM
analytical
synthetic -
Period: to
GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM
irrationalism, pulled from africn stuff -
Period: to
DADA FANTASY
dada
arp
dichirico -
Kirchner
german exp. -
Nolde
prophet, pulled from african -
Marc
German expressionism -
Picasso
cubism -
Braque
-
GREAT MIGRATION
-
Schoenberg
moonfleck and shxt -
Period: to
Stravinsky
emancipation of dissonance
rite of spring -
Period: to
AVANTGARDE
ives
cage
raushenberg
bitonality/ polytonality and polyrhythmic -
WORLD WAR ONE
neoclassisism -
BALKANS CONQUERED BY OTTOMANS
before 1914,
triple alliance, germany, austria-hungary, italy : all odnt like russia
wilhelm I dies Wilhelm II is king, fires bismarck -
US joins WWI
-
treaty of versailles
to make peace @ end of WWI,
inc. war guilt cluse + reparations -
Period: to
INTERWAR YEARS
-
Period: to
AMERICAN PRESCISIONISM
sheeler
demuth
lange
wood
hopper -
Period: to
SURREALISM
dream analysis
automatism
skewed reality
magritte -
Webern
pupil of shoenberg
5 pieces for orchestra
pointillism in music -
Duchamp, Boccioni, Balla
isp. by cubism, actually italian fururism -
Period: to
HARLEM RENAISSANCE
DOUGLAS
van der zee
lawrence -
BEER HALL PUTSCH
position to overthrow government
led by hitler
nazis also became popular -
rhapsody in blue
symphonic jazz
gershwin -
us depression
-
ministry for public enlightenment
with nazi party
head is gerbil? -
hitler elected chancellor
-
porgy and bess- gershwin
-
gerbil- head of culture/ propaganda
russian deg. art and music
volkish ideology -
APPEASEMNET
DISPOSITION OF ENGLISH COUNTRIES
wimple appeasers like chamberlain tell hitler he can essentially take over -
HITLER INVADES POLND
-
Period: to
WORLD WAR II
-
HITLER INVADES RUSSIA
-
US GETS INVOLVED W/ HITLER
get involved bc. of bombonig of pearl harbor, werent inv. b4 bc were isolationists with france and britain, violation of non-req treaty, -
copland
-
Period: to
post WWII
europe split down middle, cold war mentality
NATO north-atlantic treaty organization
1950-60- prosperity w/ rebuild of europe- welfare state
1970- nixon expands war, economy: stagnation + stagflation
1900s- mrgaret thatcher + Ronald reagan -
Period: to
COLD WAR
BERLIN WALL
iron curtain- winston churchill
us vs ussr
truman odctrine + marshall plan -
Period: to
ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM
reaction to wwii
"raw energy"
pshycoanalysis
shirt of art central from europe to the Us
reflection of oneself instead of window
pollock, rothko,newman -
Period: to
POP ART
rauschenberg
readymades
lichtenstein
warhol -
Period: to
MINIMALISM
reaction to pop art
takes away artists hand altogether
carl andre
donald judd -
Period: to
EARTH
-
Period: to
postmodern
reaction to modernist art
smithson
walter de maria
beuys
chris burden
yoko ono
conceptual: kosuth, three chairs -
Berlin wall goes down
berlin wall was symbol of divide