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Stanford B. Dole
-His relation w/U.S. he & his family made the dole pineapple company
-Effects-played a prominent & active role in the overthrown of Queen Liliuokalani GOV 1900-1903
-Connections-family had pineapple plantations
-Led the provisional gov while it worked out out plans for the U.S. to annor the island during Spanish American War -
The influence of sea power upon history
-Captain Alfred T. Mahan, a lecturer in naval history published "The influence of the sea power upon history
-It was an analysis of the importance of naval power
-Naval power-having a nations entire military organization for sea warfare and defense -
Sinking of the U.S.S. Maine
-It was sent to Cuba to protect U.S. citizens during the Cuban war of Independence
-William Randolph Hearst publish "Remember the Maine! To hell with Spain!"
-Hearst influence America by the uproar caused by the destruction of Maine
-Yellow Press Exploited the story , whipping the U.S. into an anti-Spanish frenzy
-People would yell out 'Remember the Maine!" -
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Theodore Roosevelt- Rough riders
-Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt raised a volunteer force known as the "Rough Riders" acting with other army regiments.They defeated Spanish forces at San Juan Hill in Cuba -
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Spanish War
-America went to war against Spain to free Cuba from Spanish domination
-Philippines and Cuba
-1898-1902
-America went to war fighting both in Cuba and in the Philippines now a world power
-Made them a world power using a navy suprimir -
Henry Cabot Lodge
-Served as U.S. Representative
-Imperialism:A policy of extending a country's power& influence through diplomacy
-Supported Spanish-American war
-He felt that to safeguard its own interests, U.S. had to stake out sphere of economic influence
-Lodge influence the Senate to expand the fleet of network overseas sports as essential security -
Open door policy
-Cause-they wanted to build an empire
-United States did not have a sphere of influence of economic activities
-Protect American businessmen & investors that American would shut out of China by the European powers
-U.S. participation would oppose any attempt by other nations to use the rebellion as an exuse to dismember China -
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Theodore Roosevelt
-Roosevelt became president after McKinley was assassinated
-His slogan 'Speak softly and carry a big stick" said, because he was sending the greatly expanded navy-the great white fleet- on a world tour
-Roosevelt was the 1st president to speak out on conservation& he greatly expanded the system of the national parks & national forests
-Teddy spent periods of time hunting in N. Dakota badlands seeing how over hunting & grazing damaged the land&game animals he tried to stop as President. -
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Panama Canal
-Panama owned it 1st
-reason why U.S. wanted the Panama Canal was because it provided a new Roche for international trade and military transport
-A lot of workers who where building it died
-Roosevelt sent U.S. warship to panama to protect rebels and take action,after he kept his word panama gave the U.S. complete control of a 10 mile strip to build the canal -
The Roosevelt Corollary
-The Roosevelt Corollary was an addition to Monroe doctrine
-Roosevelt wanted to create and informal America empire in Latin america as a means of competing with the increasing imperalism of european nation
-The roosevlt corollary justified american intervention throught the western hemisphere
-It helped keep European nation out of american affairs in north and south america -
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Dollar Diplomacy
-Promote American foreign policy
-Make America more money
-Took place i n Caribbean region
-U.S. bankers banded money to Latin American countries if they couldn't repay loans U.S. Marines were sent in to assure repayment by force -
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World War 1
-Central Powers consist of Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire
_Allied powers are Serbia, Russia, France, he United Kingdom, Italy, Belgium, Bosnia, and the United States
-The cause of the war the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand at Sarajevo on 28 June 1914 -
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Weapons of Total War: Part 3
-Poison Gas
-Extremely powerful blistering effect on its victims. It harass and disable the enemy and pollute the battlefield.German's had more chance on winning the battle
Tanks
-Lead the charge across no man's land to protect both the vehicles and the men caused by early trench -
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Weapons of Total War
Submarines (U-Boats)
-Submarines or U-Boats were created to fight war in sea
-Developed to gain advantage in the warfare
-Extremely effective against merchant ships, and hindering the allies supply line.
mines
-Explosive device concealed under water or on ground to destroy or disable targets ranging from combatants to vehicles, and tanks as they passed over or near it
-Developed to create defensive tactical barriers channeling attacking forces
-Decreased the use of submarines -
Sinking of the Lusitinia
-When it was sunk in 1915, the Lusitania was on the return leg from New York across the Atlantic when it was torpedoed by a German u-boat killing 1,100 people, 120 Americans.This was Germany's unrestricted warfare which helped bring the U.S. into WW1 -
Zimmerman Telegram
-Internal diplomatic communication issued from the germany foreign office in January 1917
-Proposed a military alliance between germany&mexico
-This created 1 of 4 events of the united states entering WW1 against Germany -
German Unrestricted submarine warfare
-Germany being starved for food and raw materials by the British naval blocked that had been in place since August 1914
-Us industrial production capacity, which could be turned over wholly to war production for the allies
-US manpower, which would provide millions of new troops for the armed armies on the western front -
The American Expeditionary forces (AEF)
-Consisted of United States, army forces sent to Europe under the commending general John J. Pershing in 1917 to help WW1
-They were called dough boys, possibly of the white belts they wore, which they cleaned with pipe clay or "dough".
-There were 1 million of men that were in the (AEF). -
Espionage Act
-The act was designed to crush subversion and silence critics of the war.For those convicted of aiding the enemy obstruction military recruitment, protesting,conscription,or say or doing anything to impede the war effort
-The maximum fin was up to 810,00 and 20 years in federal Prison -
Fourteen Point Plan
-The fourteen point plan ideas were distributed would wide by the government writing for George Creel in the American Committee on public information
-Millions of copies of booklets that explained Wilson's plans were distributed to allied nations and dropped from planes above Germany
-Allies agreed to accept the fourteen points as the basis for the country peace negotiations if Wilson would agree to two reservations -
battle of the Argonne forest
Reason of Argonne forest
-Battle in 1918 near the Belgian border
-It was 600,000 soldiers and 40,000 of artillery
-It shattered the German defenses and open a hole in German lines
-Was the final and most important battle of the AFF
-The overall was the several medal of honors warded art the batlle -
Alvin York U.S.
-Was ordered to take his squad on surprise attack against an emplacement of german machine guns captured 132 German soldiers and officers on Oct 8,1918
-His heroic actions help lead to the ending of the battle of Argonne forest to sergeant
-Honors and awarded the congressional medal of honor -
Schenck v. U.S.
-When america entered world war 1 congress passed law called the espionage act violating the first amendment Shenck was convicted for distributing literature that encouraged men to resist the draft Schenck claimed his first amendment right to freedom of speech had been violated supreme court ruled that there were limits to free speech like falsely shooting fire in a crouded and causing panic first amendment did not predict words that create a "clear and present danger" -
League of nations
-Intergovernmental organization as a result of the Paris peace conference
-Purpose was to maintain world peace
Weakness
-Lacked there own armed forces they depended on the great powers but they were reluctant to help
-The league severely weakened when several major powers, such as the U.S. and Russia,failed to join it league proved incapable of preventing aggression by axis powers&countries started withdrawing from the league