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Madison was the 4th president. When he was in office tension with Britain was high. Americans were angry at Britain for arming Natives in the Northwest. Americans also resented the continued impressment of American soilders by British.
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Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun became leaders in the house of representatives. Calhoun and Clay`s supports were the war hawks. The war hawks were eager for war with britian. New England opposed to the war the strongest. Clay and calhoun were the leading nationalists.
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Congress declared war on britain. New Englanders belived war with Britain would harm trade. Britain tells U.S they would continue impressing soilders. Natives began attacks on frontier settlements.The countries honor was at stake.
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This war comes at a bad time for Britain. They were still at war with Europe. But Britain wasn`t willing to adoid war. Americans belived they would win. Britain privited Natives with support to protect Canada.
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At first Americans belived they would win. But it became very apparented they vweren`t prepared. Jefferson`s spending cuts weaken the Americam armies. The Navy only had 16 war ships. They only had 7000 men.
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When the war started Britain had only 16 warship and 7000 men blockading American ports. The American belived they would win this battle. But in 1814 Britain had 135 warships blockading American ports. The Americans weren`t prepared for this. By the wars end Britain blockaded all American ports.
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American troops invated from Detrotiot. Troops were under General William Hull. But Hull feared he didn`t have enough troops so he soon retreated. General Isaac Brock took advantage of this. he made Hull`s army surrender.
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This was a battle between Britain and the Americans. It was a battle fought at the Atlantic ocean. The Americans nickname the Constition the "Old Ironsides" because they belived it was made of iron. The ships hull was more than 2 feet thick.
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In this battle the Americans had better luck. The sides were both aware of the importance of the controlling of the lake. A 3 hour battle took place at Put in Bay. The American flagship was damaged. Commander Oliver Hazard Perry swithed ship and fought until the war was won.
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The Shawnee war cheif Tecumseh challenged the tide of white settlement. Tecumseh visited other natives to unite them into war. But General Harrison defeated the Shawnee at Tippecanoe. After losing that battle Tecumseh allied with the British, hopeing that a British win would win back there land. Tecumseh died in battlle and a dealt blow to Native resistance.
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Andrew jackson took command of the American forces in Gorgia. The Horseshoe Bend was a war against the creeks. 800 creek warriors fought in the war. Jackson defeted the creeks. the treaty that ended it all forced the creeks to give up acres of land.
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British was sent to attack the nations capital. Dolly Madison (James Madisons wife) gathered up important papers and left the White House. British sent fire to the white house and several other bulidings. Americans were shocked they couldn`t defend washington.
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After the burning of washington british moved on to Baltimore. They first attacked Fort Mchenry witch was the defeneder of the harbor. british war ships bombarded the fort. Francis Scott Key watched the attack and saw the flag still standing in the end. Americans had beaten off the attack.
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Francis Scott Key wrote a poem called the Star Spangled Banner, on the back of an old envolpoe. It told what key saw the night of the baltimore battle.Key`s poem became popular and was made into music. Congress then made it the natinal anthem.
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A group of feralist meet in Hartford Connecticuit. The purpose was to withdraw New England states, due to the oppsition of the war.Fereralist critics that apposed president Madison.While debates debated went on about new of the treaty arrived. When the war ended the hartford convetion soon died.
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This treaty ened the war. It returred everything back to the way they started.Britain had tired of war. peace started in Ghent Belgium. it took time to reach the Americans.
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The treaty took several weeks to reach the United States. Two sides fought one last battle. Americans fought one side under General Andrew Jackson. British fought on the other side. The Americans won the victory.
