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Washington is inaugurated. Washington says U.S. neutrality after the French Revolution.
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Total population equals 3.9 million with 700,000 saves. Congress meets in Philadelphia and plans new capital on the Potomac.
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Vermont becomes 14th state. U.S. troops are defeated by Miami Indians in Ohio after being sent by Washington as a response to the Big Bottom massacre.
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Washington and Adams are re-elected president and vice- president. Kentucky enters the Union as the 15th state.
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Farmers in western Pennsylvania protest the excise tax on whiskey, but is put down by federal troops. U.S. troop defeat Shawnee Indians.
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Northwest Territory is opened for settlement after the Indians defeat at Fallen Timbers. Spain allows the U.S. navigation rights on the Mississippi River, and the 31st parallel is set as the border between the U.S. and the Spanish empire.
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Restrict political opposition and order deportation of "dangerous aliens." Eli Whitney opens factory to build rifles for the U.S. government using his system of interchangeable parts.
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Population equals 5.3 million with 900,000 slaves. Federal capital moves from Philadelphia to Washington D.C.
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Tripoli declares with U.S.; Jefferson sends U.S. ships to the Mediterranean Sea. 25th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence is celebrated.
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Purchased from France for $15 million, nearly doubling the size of the U.S.
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Begins in St. Louis. Ohio enters the Union as the 17th state, granting universal manhood suffrage.
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Jefferson is re-elected president and George Clinton elected vice-president.
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Importation of slaves in banned by Congress, as required by the Constitution. Jefferson orders British warships to leave U.S. water after British attack the Chesapeake.
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James Madison elected president and George Clinton re-elected vice president.
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U.S. declares war on Great Britain over issues of borders, trade, freedom of the seas, and the rights of neutrals. Louisiana enters the Union as the 18th state.
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Alabama and Mississippi territories are opened to migration of American settlers after the defeat of the Indians in the Creek War. General Andrew Jackson defeats British at the Battle of New Orleans.
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First Seminole War begins with attacks on settlers in Florida and Georgia. New York stock exchange is established.
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Supreme Court upholds right of federal government to charter a national bank, thus affirming its "implied powers" beyond those stated in the Constitution. Panic of 1819 leads to a six-year economic depression.
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Passed by Congress; allows admission of slaves and Missouri as a slave state. Maine enters Union as 23rd state.
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Europe is warned not to interfere in Western Hemisphere affairs. Cotton mills begin production in Lowell, Massachusetts, with water-powered machinery.
